Issue 24, 2023

Plasmonic porous micro- and nano-materials based on Au/Ag nanostructures developed for photothermal cancer therapy: challenges in clinicalization

Abstract

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has developed in recent decades as a relatively safe method for the treatment of cancers. Recently, various species of gold and silver (Au and Ag) nanostructures have been developed and investigated to achieve PTT due to their highly localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Concisely, the collective oscillation of electrons on the surface of Au and Ag nanostructures upon exposure to a specific wavelength (depending on their size and shape) and further plasmonic resonance leads to the heating of the surface of these particles. Hence, porous species can be equipped with tiny plasmonic ingredients that add plasmonic properties to therapeutic cargoes. In this case, a precise review of the recent achievements is very important to figure out to what extent plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) by Au/Ag-based plasmonic porous nanomedicines successfully treated cancers with satisfactory biosafety. Herein, we classify the various species of LSPR-active micro- and nano-materials. Moreover, the routes for the preparation of Ag/Au-plasmonic porous cargoes and related bench assessments are carefully reviewed. Finally, as the main aim of this study, principal requirements for the clinicalization of Ag/Au-plasmonic porous cargoes and their further challenges are discussed, which are critical for specialists in this field.

Graphical abstract: Plasmonic porous micro- and nano-materials based on Au/Ag nanostructures developed for photothermal cancer therapy: challenges in clinicalization

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
10 9 2023
Accepted
13 11 2023
First published
27 11 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Nanoscale Adv., 2023,5, 6768-6786

Plasmonic porous micro- and nano-materials based on Au/Ag nanostructures developed for photothermal cancer therapy: challenges in clinicalization

R. Taheri-Ledari, F. Ganjali, S. Zarei-Shokat, R. Dinmohammadi, F. R. Asl, A. Emami, Z. S. Mojtabapour, Z. Rashvandi, A. Kashtiaray, F. Jalali and A. Maleki, Nanoscale Adv., 2023, 5, 6768 DOI: 10.1039/D3NA00763D

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