Issue 20, 2023

Functional nucleic acids for the treatment of diabetic complications

Abstract

In recent decades, diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major global health problem owing to its high prevalence and increased incidence of diabetes-associated complications, including diabetic wounds (DWs), diabetic nephropathy, metabolic syndrome, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic neuropathy. In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, tissue damage is organ-specific, but closely related to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperglycaemia-induced macrovascular system damage. However, existing therapies have limited effects on complete healing of diabetic complications. Fortunately, recent advances in functional nucleic acid materials have provided new opportunities for the treatment and diagnosis of diabetic complications. Functional nucleic acids possess independent structural functions that can replace traditional proteases and antibodies and perform specific biological non-genetic functions. This review summarises the current functional nucleic acid materials reported for the treatment of diabetic complications, including tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), short interfering RNA (siRNA), micorRNA (miRNA), locked nucleic acids, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and DNA origami, which may assist in the development of novel nucleic acids with new functions and capabilities for better healing of diabetic complications.

Graphical abstract: Functional nucleic acids for the treatment of diabetic complications

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
14 5 2023
Accepted
26 8 2023
First published
28 8 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Nanoscale Adv., 2023,5, 5426-5434

Functional nucleic acids for the treatment of diabetic complications

W. Wen, Y. Wei and S. Gao, Nanoscale Adv., 2023, 5, 5426 DOI: 10.1039/D3NA00327B

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