Issue 19, 2023

Recent advancements in the fabrication and photocatalytic applications of graphitic carbon nitride-tungsten oxide nanocomposites

Abstract

The present review focuses on the widely used graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-tungsten oxide (WO3) nanocomposite in photocatalytic applications. These catalysts are widely employed due to their easy preparation, high physicochemical stability, nontoxicity, electron-rich properties, electronic band structure, chemical stability, low cost, earth-abundance, high surface area, and strong absorption capacity in the visible range. These sustainable properties make them predominantly attractive and unique from other photocatalysts. In addition, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is synthesized from nitrogen-rich precursors; therefore, it is stable in strong acid solutions and has good thermal stability up to 600 °C. This review covers the historical background, crystalline phases, density-functional theory (DFT) study, synthesis method, 0-D, 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D materials, oxides/transition/nontransition metal-doped, characterization, and photocatalytic applications of WO3/g-C3N4. Enhancing the catalytic performance strategies such as composite formation, element-doping, heterojunction construction, and nanostructure design are also summarized. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges for WO3/g-C3N4 composite materials are discussed to motivate young researchers and scientists interested in developing environment-friendly and efficient catalysts.

Graphical abstract: Recent advancements in the fabrication and photocatalytic applications of graphitic carbon nitride-tungsten oxide nanocomposites

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
14 3 2023
Accepted
18 8 2023
First published
21 8 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Nanoscale Adv., 2023,5, 5214-5255

Recent advancements in the fabrication and photocatalytic applications of graphitic carbon nitride-tungsten oxide nanocomposites

M. I. Nabeel, D. Hussain, N. Ahmad, M. Najam-ul-Haq and S. G. Musharraf, Nanoscale Adv., 2023, 5, 5214 DOI: 10.1039/D3NA00159H

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