Issue 7, 2022

Photomemristive sensing via charge storage in 2D carbon nitrides

Abstract

Photomemristive sensors have the potential to innovate current photo-electrochemical sensors by incorporating new sensing capabilities including non-invasive, wireless and time-delayed (memory) readout. Here we report the charge storing 2D carbon nitride potassium poly(heptazine imide), K-PHI, as a direct photomemristive sensing platform by capitalizing on K-PHI's visible light bandgap, large oxidation potential, and intrinsic optoionic charge storage properties. Utilizing the light-induced charge storage function of K-PHI nanosheets, we demonstrate memory sensing via charge accumulation and present potentiometric, impedimetric and coulometric readouts to write/erase this information from the material, with no additional reagents required. Additionally, wireless colorimetric and fluorometric detection of the charging state of K-PHI nanoparticles is demonstrated, enabling the material's use as particle-based autonomous sensing probe in situ. The various readout options of K-PHI's response enable us to adapt the sensitivities and dynamic ranges without modifying the sensing platform, which is demonstrated using glucose as a model analyte over a wide range of concentrations (50 μM to 50 mM). Since K-PHI is earth abundant, biocompatible, chemically robust and responsive to visible light, we anticipate that the photomemristive sensing platform presented herein opens up memristive and neuromorphic functions.

Graphical abstract: Photomemristive sensing via charge storage in 2D carbon nitrides

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Communication
Submitted
19 1 2022
Accepted
12 4 2022
First published
26 4 2022
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Mater. Horiz., 2022,9, 1866-1877

Photomemristive sensing via charge storage in 2D carbon nitrides

A. Gouder, A. Jiménez-Solano, N. M. Vargas-Barbosa, F. Podjaski and B. V. Lotsch, Mater. Horiz., 2022, 9, 1866 DOI: 10.1039/D2MH00069E

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