Issue 6, 2021

Biomimetic cytomembrane nanovaccines prevent breast cancer development in the long term

Abstract

Cytomembrane cancer nanovaccines are considered a promising approach to induce tumor-specific immunity. Most of the currently developed nanovaccines, unfortunately, fail to study the underlying mechanism for cancer prevention and therapy, as well as immune memory establishment, with their long-term anti-tumor immunity remaining unknown. Here, we present a strategy to prepare biomimetic cytomembrane nanovaccines (named CCMP@R837) consisting of antigenic cancer cell membrane (CCM)-capped poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with imiquimod (R@837) as an adjuvant to activate the immune system. We found that our CCMP@R837 system enhanced bone-marrow-derived dendritic cell uptake and maturation, as well as increased anti-tumor response against breast cancer 4T1 cells in vitro. Moreover, an immune memory was established after three-time immunization with CCMP@R837 in BALB/c mice. The CCMP@R837-immunized BALB/c mice exhibited suppressed tumor growth and a long survival period (75% of mice lived longer than 50 days after tumor formation). This long-term anti-tumor immunity was achieved by increasing CD8+ T cells and decreasing regulatory T cells in the tumor while increasing effector memory T cells in the spleen. Overall, our platform demonstrates that CCMP@R837 can be a potential candidate for preventive cancer vaccines in the clinic.

Graphical abstract: Biomimetic cytomembrane nanovaccines prevent breast cancer development in the long term

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
20 12 2020
Accepted
28 1 2021
First published
28 1 2021

Nanoscale, 2021,13, 3594-3601

Biomimetic cytomembrane nanovaccines prevent breast cancer development in the long term

L. Xiao, Y. Huang, Y. Yang, Z. Miao, J. Zhu, M. Zhong, C. Feng, W. Tang, J. Zhou, L. Wang, X. Zhao and Z. Wang, Nanoscale, 2021, 13, 3594 DOI: 10.1039/D0NR08978H

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