Issue 2, 2021

A two-trick pony: lysosomal protease cathepsin B possesses surprising ligase activity

Abstract

Cathepsin B is an important protease within the lysosome, where it helps recycle proteins to maintain proteostasis. It is also known to degrade proteins elsewhere but has no other known functionality. However, by carefully monitoring peptide digestion with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, we observed the synthesis of novel peptides during cathepsin B incubations. This ligation activity was explored further with a variety of peptide substrates to establish mechanistic details and was found to operate through a two-step mechanism with proteolysis and ligation occurring separately. Further explorations using varied sequences indicated increased affinity for some substrates, though all were found to ligate to some extent. Finally, experiments with a proteolytically inactive form of the enzyme yielded no ligation, indicating that the ligation reaction occurs in the same active site but in the reverse direction of proteolysis. These results clearly establish that in its native form cathepsin B can act as both a protease and ligase, although protease action eventually dominates over longer periods of time.

Graphical abstract: A two-trick pony: lysosomal protease cathepsin B possesses surprising ligase activity

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Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
04 12 2020
Accepted
10 2 2021
First published
17 2 2021
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Chem. Biol., 2021,2, 606-611

A two-trick pony: lysosomal protease cathepsin B possesses surprising ligase activity

T. R. Lambeth, Z. Dai, Y. Zhang and R. R. Julian, RSC Chem. Biol., 2021, 2, 606 DOI: 10.1039/D0CB00224K

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