Issue 18, 2017

Rhodamine-based conjugated polymers: potentiometric, colorimetric and voltammetric sensing of mercury ions in aqueous medium

Abstract

Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a new rhodamine-based monomer (RD-CZ), and an investigation of the optical and electrochemical properties of the corresponding polymer (P(RD-CZ)), which was electropolymerized on an ITO electrode. The resulting P(RD-CZ) polymer film was used as a simple and novel multi-signal sensor platform, which demonstrates ion-selective potentiometric, colorimetric and voltammetric responses in aqueous media for the first time. P(RD-CZ) exhibits excellent selectivity for Hg2+ ions compared with Cd2+, Cu2+ Zn2+, and Fe3+ using the potentiometric technique, which depends on the increasing charge carrier transport through rhodamine-bound Hg2+ with a limit of detection (LOD) of 9.77 × 10−8 M. The P(RD-CZ) polymer film also exhibits a distinct color change from orange to purple, which is detectable even by the naked eye, in the presence of Hg2+ ions. The LOD for Hg2+ ions obtained using the colorimetric method is 3.16 × 10−8 M. The same material has also been used for the voltammetric sensing of Hg2+ in aqueous media with a detection limit of 1 × 10−7 M. In this study, a conductive polymer-based sensor platform for detecting mercury ions via three different methods has been designed for the first time. By doing so, a disposable planar paper-based ion-sensing platform, which is suitable for low-cost point-of-care and in-field testing applications, could be fabricated with a highly reproducible and linear response towards different concentrations of analyte ions in aqueous and biological samples.

Graphical abstract: Rhodamine-based conjugated polymers: potentiometric, colorimetric and voltammetric sensing of mercury ions in aqueous medium

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
10 4 2017
Accepted
05 8 2017
First published
08 8 2017

Analyst, 2017,142, 3407-3415

Rhodamine-based conjugated polymers: potentiometric, colorimetric and voltammetric sensing of mercury ions in aqueous medium

R. Ayranci, D. O. Demirkol, S. Timur and M. Ak, Analyst, 2017, 142, 3407 DOI: 10.1039/C7AN00606C

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