Issue 36, 2024

Graphene oxide coated functional separators as efficient metal chloride blocking layers for chloride ion batteries

Abstract

Chloride ion batteries, as attractive energy storage systems, possess the merits of abundant resources, reliable safety, and high theoretical volumetric energy density. Among the current cathode materials for chloride ion batteries, metal chlorides with high theoretical gravimetric energy density have been regarded as some of the most promising candidates as cathode materials. However, owing to the dissolution of metal chlorides into the liquid electrolyte, forming soluble complex anions (e.g. [CuCl4]2− and [NiCl4]2−) that subsequently shuttle to the anode, their cycling lifespans are typically limited to just one cycle. Herein, graphene oxides with different loading contents are coated onto a commercial glass fiber separator by vacuum filtration and sandwiched between a CuCl2 or NiCl2 cathode and the separator. The as-prepared graphene oxide coating layers with appropriate channel size allow the selective passage of Cl while blocking the transportation of complex anions across the separator. Through the incorporation of the permselective GO coating layers, the electrochemical performance of the metal chloride cathodes is significantly enhanced. The maximum initial discharge capacities of 452 and 541 mA h g−1 at 10 mA g−1 can be achieved with the CuCl2 and NiCl2 cathodes, respectively. Reversible capacities of 144 mA h g−1 and 177 mA h g−1 are still retained after 30 cycles for the CuCl2 and NiCl2 cathodes, respectively. The corresponding energy densities of 1107 W h kg−1 for CuCl2 and 1022 W h kg−1 for NiCl2 are superior to those of previously reported cathodes.

Graphical abstract: Graphene oxide coated functional separators as efficient metal chloride blocking layers for chloride ion batteries

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
22 6 2024
Accepted
07 8 2024
First published
19 8 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024,12, 24203-24213

Graphene oxide coated functional separators as efficient metal chloride blocking layers for chloride ion batteries

C. Zhang, S. Sun, K. Xue, Y. Miao, X. Hu and X. Zhao, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 24203 DOI: 10.1039/D4TA04315D

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