Recent advances in polymeric materials with exceptional mechanical performance via multiple hydrogen-bonded networks

Abstract

The development of lightweight polymeric materials with high strength and toughness is a growing research focus. Traditional chemical cross-linking techniques, while improving strength, generally compromise toughness. Particle-based cross-linkers, including small molecules, nanoparticles, or polymer aggregates, on the other hand, can form multiple hydrogen-bonded networks with polymer chains, thereby simultaneously enhancing strength and toughness. In addition to highlighting recent advancements in engineering such networks, this short review addresses the effects of different particle types on the mechanical properties of polymers and highlights key design strategies, performance improvements, and industrial opportunities.