Morphology, structure and cytotoxicity of dye-loaded lipid nanoparticles based on monoamine pillar[5]arenes

Nanoscale lipid drug delivery systems are widely used due to their high efficiency and possibility to increase the drug bioavailability. The size, shape and morphology of these systems can significantly impact their activity. We report the synthesis of new amphiphilic pillar[5]arenes and their use for the preparation of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) dispersed in water. The encapsulation of fluorescent dyes (fluorescein, rhodamine B, rhodamine 6G) in the particles made it possible for the first time to obtain dye-loaded SLNs (SLN-Flu, SLN-RhB, SLN-Rh6G) with distinctive morphology and low toxicity to A549 cells. Thus, the discovery of this ability of amphiphilic pillar[5]arenes allows creating new targeted delivery systems with high-precision morphology and advantageous properties.