Paramagnetic ultrasmall Ho2O3 and Tm2O3 nanoparticles: characterization of r2 values and in vivo T2 MR images at a 3.0 T MR field

Shuwen Liu; Tirusew Tegafaw; Huan Yue; Son Long Ho; Soyeon Kim; Ji Ae Park; Ahrum Baek; Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad; So Hyeon Yang; Dong Wook Hwang; Seungho Kim; Abdullah Khamis Ali Al Saidi; Dejun Zhao; Ying Liu; Sung-Wook Nam; Kwon Seok Chae; Yongmin Chang; Gang Ho Lee

doi:10.1039/D2MA00322H

Paramagnetic ultrasmall Ho₂O₃ and Tm₂O₃ nanoparticles: characterization of r₂ values and in vivo T₂ MR images at a 3.0 T MR field

Shuwen Liu,^a Tirusew Tegafaw,

^a Huan Yue,^a Son Long Ho,

^a Soyeon Kim,

^b Ji Ae Park,^b Ahrum Baek,^c Mohammad Yaseen Ahmad,^a So Hyeon Yang,^c Dong Wook Hwang,^c Seungho Kim,^c Abdullah Khamis Ali Al Saidi,

^a Dejun Zhao,^a Ying Liu,^a Sung-Wook Nam,

^d Kwon Seok Chae,^e Yongmin Chang*^d and Gang Ho Lee

*^a

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* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, South Korea
E-mail: ghlee@mail.knu.ac.kr

^b Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01817, South Korea

^c Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41944, South Korea

^d Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41944, South Korea
E-mail: ychang@knu.ac.kr

^e Department of Biology Education, Teachers’ College, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 41566, South Korea

Abstract

Paramagnetic ultrasmall Ho₂O₃ and Tm₂O₃ nanoparticles (d_avg = ∼2.1 nm) grafted with various hydrophilic and biocompatible ligands such as poly(ethylene glycol) diacid (M_n = 250 and 600 amu) and polyacrylic acid (M_w = 1800 amu) were synthesized via a one-pot polyol method. Appreciable transverse (r₂) and negligible longitudinal (r₁) water proton spin relaxivity values were observed for all nanoparticle samples. The r₂ values increased with increasing nanoparticle magnetic moment and decreased with increasing ligand size. Owing to the aforementioned r₁ and r₂ values, the nanoparticle samples exhibited appreciable negative contrast enhancements in in vivo T₂ magnetic resonance (MR) images at a 3.0 T MR field after intravenous injection, demonstrating their potential as efficient T₂ MRI contrast agents.

This article is part of the themed collection: Celebrating materials science in Japan and South Korea

Materials Advances

Paramagnetic ultrasmall Ho₂O₃ and Tm₂O₃ nanoparticles: characterization of r₂ values and in vivo T₂ MR images at a 3.0 T MR field

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Paramagnetic ultrasmall Ho₂O₃ and Tm₂O₃ nanoparticles: characterization of r₂ values and in vivo T₂ MR images at a 3.0 T MR field

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