Low-dimensional formamidinium lead perovskite architectures via controllable solvent intercalation

Abstract

We report the formation of a new class of solvent-intercalated two-dimensional (SI-2D) formamidinium lead halide perovskites. They can be mixed with three-dimensional (3D) stoichiometric perovskites by controlling the ratio of the precursor solutions. The composite leads to greatly improved photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) over the 3D compound. The enhanced PLQY is attributed to a type-I band alignment between the 3D and SI-2D, as revealed by first-principles calculations, which results in confined excitons with enhanced radiative recombination. The films exhibited excellent thermal and air stability retaining PLQY > 20% over 2 months in ambient conditions. Assemblies of halide perovskites with mixed dimensionality offer a pathway to enhance optoelectronic performance and device lifetimes.