Recent progress in organic dual-emission materials for white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) from single small-molecule components

Abstract

Organic dual emission (DE) materials have received extensive attention due to their potential applications in sensors, biological probes, white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs), and so on. However, according to Kasha's rule, photons can only be de-excited from the lowest excited state. To achieve dual emission from a single molecule, some special processes are essential from elaborate molecular structures. Herein, organic DE materials are classified according to the principle of luminescence, the luminescence principle and design rules of DE materials are summarized, and applications in the field of WOLEDs are emphasized. These exciting developments give researchers confidence in the design and synthesis of new DE materials and even white-light emission materials. Finally, future research directions are proposed to address existing challenges in material stability, efficiency optimization, and mechanistic understanding of dual emission phenomena.