Infrared Imaging Visualization: Organic Material-based Up-Conversion Devices

Abstract

Up-conversion imaging, an emerging optoelectronic technology that integrates detection and display capabilities, provides an efficient approach for converting infrared signals into visible images. Unlike conventional infrared imaging systems, it operates without complex pixel arrays and readout circuits, making it especially attractive for biomedicine and wearable applications. Recently, the intrinsic advantages of organic semiconductors such as material diversity and flexible structural design, have driven significant advancements in up-conversion devices. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent breakthroughs in organic material-based up-conversion devices, with emphasis on internal gain mechanisms such as phototransistors, photomultiplication, and multi-emissive-layer architectures. We examine up-conversion devices working principles, key performance metrics, rational material selection coupled with device architecture engineering, and the mechanisms that limit their performance. Key advances in biomedical imaging and wearable electronics are highlighted, and future opportunities are discussed from both technological and economic perspectives. Overall, this review provides a framework to guide the design of high-performance, application-ready up-conversion devices.

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
23 Jun 2025
Accepted
19 Aug 2025
First published
21 Aug 2025

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2025, Accepted Manuscript

Infrared Imaging Visualization: Organic Material-based Up-Conversion Devices

C. Zhang, Q. Feng, R. Xue, P. Zheng, Y. Zhou, Y. Feng, X. Zheng and Y. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2025, Accepted Manuscript , DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02420J

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements