Pre-attaching nanobodies to nanoparticle surface with a PEG spacer offers a strategy to actively regulate protein corona in quantity and composition, markedly impacts nanoparticle biodistribution and metabolism in vivo.
Antibody and antigen interactions can be used to regulate ferredoxin electron transfer in cells.
Diselenide-based ROS-responsive nanocarriers are highly taken up by oxidatively stressed colon cells via folic acid receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Anti-idiotypic antibodies can simulate the functions of antigens and serve as replacements for antigens or toxin standards in mycotoxin detection immunoassays. These assays are referred to as “green immunoassays”.
The compound 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) is frequently utilized as a biomarker to detect exposure to various pyrethroids.