Nanomaterial-based energy conversion and energy storage devices: a comprehensive review

Nosheen Farooq, Zohaib ur Rehman, Muhammad Imran Khan, Saira Asghar, Maryam Saleem, Ravia Irshad, Azka Sheikh, Abdallah Shanableh, Suryyia Manzoor and Zaib Ullah Khan

New J. Chem., 2024, 48, 8933
DOI: 10.1039/D3NJ04846B

Multiscale insights into sodium storage in hard carbon from operando small- and wide-angle neutron scattering measurements

Yoshihiko Umemoto, Kazuki Ohishi, Daisuke Igarashi, Ryoichi Tatara, Che-an Lin, Kosuke Nakamoto, Yukihiko Kawamura, Kosuke Hiroi, Shin-ichi Takata, Yusuke Nambu, Yoshitaka Tateyama and Shinichi Komaba

Chem. Sci., 2026
DOI: 10.1039/D5SC09600F

Influence of carbon and fluorine on potassium niobate anode material for sodium-ion battery applications

Y. Bhaskara Rao and C. André Ohlin

Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2025, 9, 2217
DOI: 10.1039/D5SE00071H

Potassium escaping balances the degree of graphitization and pore channel structure in hard carbon to boost plateau sodium storage capacity

Niubu LeGe, Ying-Hao Zhang, Wei-Hong Lai, Xiang-Xi He, Yun-Xiao Wang, Ling-fei Zhao, Min Liu, Xingqiao Wu and Shu-Lei Chou

Chem. Sci., 2025, 16, 1179
DOI: 10.1039/D4SC04584J

Revealing the structural influence mechanism of intrinsic potassium/calcium elements on bio-waste-derived hard carbon for sodium-ion batteries

Yinghao Zhang, Chun Wu, Qinghang Chen, Chuangchuang Li, Wenjie Huang, Qianxiong Wen, Xiang-Xi He, Xingqiao Wu and Shu-Lei Chou

Chem. Commun., 2024, 60, 13380
DOI: 10.1039/D4CC03546A

C–Na–O electrostatic interactions boost the kinetics of coal-derived hard carbon anodes for high-performance sodium-ion batteries

Tianqi Xu, Zongxu Yao, Wei Jiang, Yaxin Chen, Chenmin Liu, Yinshuang Guan, Zhiqiang Tang and Liang Dong

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2025, 13, 29471
DOI: 10.1039/D5TA03632A

Influence of phosphorus activation and carbonization temperature on the electrochemical performance of hard carbon made from olive pomace as an anode for sodium-ion batteries

Imad Alouiz, Mohamed Aqil, Abdelwahed Chari, Mouad Dahbi, Mohamed Yassine Amarouch and Driss Mazouzi

RSC Adv., 2025, 15, 19546
DOI: 10.1039/D5RA02547H

Hierarchically porous Zn0.76Co0.24S/CoS heterostructures confined in N,S-co-doped carbon as high-performance anodes for sodium-ion batteries

Chao Li, Qing Li, Yu Zhang and Kangzhe Cao

New J. Chem., 2024, 48, 20258
DOI: 10.1039/D4NJ03543G

Unraveling the structure–performance relationship in hard carbon for sodium-ion battery by coupling key structural parameters

Chun Wu, Yunrui Yang, Yifan Li, Xiangxi He, Yinghao Zhang, Wenjie Huang, Qinghang Chen, Xiaohao Liu, Shuangqiang Chen, Qinfen Gu, Lin Li, Sean C. Smith, Xin Tan, Yan Yu, Xingqiao Wu and Shulei Chou

Energy Environ. Sci., 2025, 18, 6019
DOI: 10.1039/D5EE00278H

What is the potential of walnut shell-derived carbon in battery applications?

Lamiae Oulbaz, Meriem Kasbaji, Mustapha Oubenali, Amine Moubarik, Zineb Kassab, Abdelwahed Chari, Mouad Dahbi and Mounir El Achaby

Nanoscale, 2025, 17, 113
DOI: 10.1039/D4NR03460K

Ultra-long cycle sodium ion batteries enabled by the glutaric anhydride additive

Qin Zhou, Cong Xia, Zhifan Kuang, Mengran Guo, Hao Zhang, Haojie Wan, Shiquan Wang, Lin Li and Jianwen Liu

Chem. Sci., 2024, 15, 20205
DOI: 10.1039/D4SC06492E

Regulating crystallinity to balance the electrochemical performance of cobalt–tin oxide composite anodes for sodium-ion batteries

Ying Yang, Ruirui Zhao, Chaofeng Liu, Yaping Qi, Dan Hu, Duanhui Si and Yong P. Chen

New J. Chem., 2024, 48, 16657
DOI: 10.1039/D4NJ02152E

Fabrication of pitch-derived hard carbon via bromination-assisted pyrolysis strategy for sodium-ion batteries

Mengke Liu, Zhe Zhang, Xinghua Han, Jihao Wu and Juan Yang

Nanoscale, 2025, 17, 8118
DOI: 10.1039/D4NR05322B

Sodium-ion battery development since 2020 with future perspectives

Abu Faizal Abdul Salam, Xiaoran Zheng, Zhao Chen, Yi Liao, Do Kyung Kim, Sajjad Seifi Mofarah, Pramod Koshy, Neeraj Sharma and Dong Jun Kim

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2026, 14, 9115
DOI: 10.1039/D5TA07726E

One-step synthesis of rutile TiO2 nanorod clusters for high-rate sodium-ion storage

Dafu Tang, Zhangbin Xie, Xia Zou, Zerui Yan and Qiulong Wei

Chem. Commun., 2025, 61, 15211
DOI: 10.1039/D5CC04419G

Constructing ion-pore structures in hard carbon via in situ polymerization to promote sodium ion diffusion to achieve rapid sodium ion storage

Xuemei Li, Yuxiang Chen, Peng Dong and Yingjie Zhang

New J. Chem., 2025, 49, 15156
DOI: 10.1039/D5NJ02140E

Chemical regulation of carbonization enables structure-tailored hard carbon anodes from recycled polypropylene separators

Mingyue Wang, Yue Wang, Na Li, Qing Zhong, Min Zhu, Dongyang Zhang and Shujiang Ding

Chem. Sci., 2026
DOI: 10.1039/D6SC00807K

Key factors influencing the plateau region in N-doped hard carbon for sodium storage

Xingqi Chang, Xiaolong Zhou, Pornsuwan Buangam, Nuntaporn Kamonsutthipaijit, Sarayut Tunmee and Andreu Cabot

EES Batteries, 2025, 1, 1583
DOI: 10.1039/D5EB00168D

Bridging innovation and sustainability: the rise of porous frameworks in sodium-ion batteries

Sujatha Dhavamani, Muhammad Waqas Khan, Babar Shabbir, Asif Mahmood, Subhendu K. Panda and Nasir Mahmood

Chem. Commun., 2026, 62, 2074
DOI: 10.1039/D5CC05639J

Carbon engineering for sodium batteries: multi-role architectures bridging material design and hybrid system innovation

Qianxiong Wen, Chuangchuang Li, Qinghang Chen, Pandeng Zhao, Chun Wu, Xingqiao Wu and Shu-Lei Chou

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2025, 54, 9317
DOI: 10.1039/D5CS00515A

Synthesis of thinly N-doped carbon-coated MoS2 for high-rate Na-ion storage

Sha Song, Luman He, Qian Zilong, Danni Wang, Yaqun Wang, Gang Dou and Mei Guo

Chem. Commun., 2026, 62, 3361
DOI: 10.1039/D5CC06910F

High Cycling Stability Sisal-Fiber-Derived Carbon Anode Materials with a Spiky Nanostructure for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Xuenuan Li, Yuan Luo, Yujie Wang, Lei Liao, Shilong Lin, Weile Ding, Kaiyou Zhang and Aimiao Qin

ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2025, 8, 6387
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.5c00116

Understanding the Relationship of Closed Pore Structure in Biomass‐ derived Hard Carbon with Cellulose Regulating Strategy

Siyu Zhou, Zhi Tang, Guanhua Jin, Junjie Tu, Abdelghaffar S. Dhmees, Yougen Tang, Dan Sun, Rui Zhang and Haiyan Wang

Small, 2024, 20
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202407341

Efficient Utilization of Mineral Resources via Advanced Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Zhenyuan Xie, Qingsang He, Yongling Men, Ziyi Zhu, Yiyong Zhang, Xue Li and Yingjie Zhang

MetaResource., 2025, 2, 284
DOI: 10.23919/METAR.2025.000017

Constructing closed pores in hard carbon via deep oxidation-crosslinking of bituminous coal for enhanced plateau capacity of sodium storage

Houhua Cen, Ping Xu, Lan Hu, Xiaodong Wang, Wenqiang Zhu and Zhean Su

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026, 534, 175324
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2026.175324

Biomass-derived hard carbon from sorghum distilled residues as a high-performance anode for sodium-ion batteries

Hsuan-Wei Chi, Jia-Yen Chen, Chun-Chuen Yang and Wei-Ren Liu

Carbon, 2026, 246, 120899
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120899

A N, S co-doped carbon produced from soybean pods for use as the anode in sodium-ion batteries

Xuehui Yao, Jing Wu, Liqing Chen, Jie Bai, Li Wang, Qiqi Zhang, Fanhui Guo, Jianjun Wu and Yixin Zhang

New Carbon Materials, 2026, 41, 157
DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)61015-8

Sustainable hard carbon from almond shells: Unlocking fast and stable sodium storage

Prayas Chandra Patel, Varun Kumar Singh, Priyanka Lakharwal, K.S.N. Vikrant and Jayant Jain

Journal of Energy Storage, 2026, 148, 120251
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.120251

Homogeneous Deposition of Zinc on N-Doped Carbon Fibers Interconnected with Sn Nanoparticles for Advanced Aqueous Zinc Batteries

Bixia Wang, Jiayi Hao, Hui Xu, Minxi Sun, Chun Wu, Wei Qin, Xingqiao Wu and Qiliang Wei

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2024, 16, 46879
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c07396

Tailoring sodium storage with phosphorus-doped hollow carbon nanospheres: Atomic-level engineering of charge transport and ion dynamics

Xilong Wang, Deng Zhang, Qiaotian Zheng, Jie Song, Dawei Chen, Debing Yan, Bin He, Dan Xiao, Yan Meng, Jing Ying, Qian Zhao and Mao Tang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 520, 166028
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.166028

An eco‐friendly Na‐ion battery utilizing biowaste‐derived carbon and birnessite with enhanced high voltage reaction

Gregorio F. Ortiz, Ruqin Ma, Mingzeng Luo, Li Yixiao, He Zhanning, Yu Su, Jiale Huang, Yong Yang and Zhanhua Wei

EcoEnergy, 2025, 3, 180
DOI: 10.1002/ece2.77

Oxygen-bridging and air-etching: Advanced pore-regulation engineering in hard carbons for optimized low-voltage plateau capacity

Lixin Bai, Juan Chen, Yi Zhang, Zheng Yi, Yuansen Xie, Maowen Xu and Yuruo Qi

Nano Energy, 2025, 135, 110692
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110692

Binder‐Free Self‐Standing Hard Carbon Electrodes Graphite‐Coated by PE‐CVD to Boost the Efficiency of Na‐Ion Batteries

Tien‐Nguyen‐Khoi Trinh, Adrian Beda, Octavian‐Gabriel Simionescu, Oana Brîncoveanu, Loic Vidal and Camélia Matei Ghimbeu

Batteries & Supercaps, 2026, 9
DOI: 10.1002/batt.202500492

Design and Fabrication of AC&GO Carbon‐Fiber Structural Supercapacitor with Balanced Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties

Zheng Zhang, Laifa Shen, Xin Xu, Yang Liu, Tianyu Xia, Zhen Zhu, Jiayi Xu, Jing Wang, Qi Wu, Kang Yan, Jinsong Liu, Hao Dong and Kongjun Zhu

Adv Funct Materials, 2025, 35
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202511334

High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Capacitors With Kinetics‐Matched Characteristics Enabled by N/O/S‐Doped Homologous Carbon Electrodes Derived From a Single Precursor

De‐Bing Yan, Yu‐Chen Liu, Yan Meng, Dan Xiao, Jing Ying, Qian Zhao, Bin He and Mao Tang

Rare Metals, 2026, 45
DOI: 10.1002/rar2.70033

Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon Anodes Processed with Deep Eutectic Solvents for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

Qingyu Wang, Liqing Du, Shihao Wang, Lun Yu, Xinghao Tu and Haining Zhang

ACS Omega, 2025, 10, 23620
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.5c02496

Superior Cycling Performance of a Carbon Fiber Structural Supercapacitor with Activated Carbon and Dual-Resin Electrolytes

Zheng Zhang, Laifa Shen, Xin Xu, Yang Liu, Tianyu Xia, Zhen Zhu, Jiayi Xu, Xingrong Zhu, Heng Zhou, Jing Wang, Qi Wu, Kang Yan, Jinsong Liu, Hao Dong and Kongjun Zhu

ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2025, 8, 9244
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.5c00844

Substantially boosted energy density of NiCoMn layered double hydroxides with nanocrystalline-amorphous domains

Jiahui Fan, Haotian Zheng, Aiying Chen, Lijian Gu, Xiaofeng Xie, Yong Liu and Zhiyi Ding

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 97, 112663
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.112663

Hierarchical encapsulation engineering boosts tin telluride anode material with fast kinetics and superior structure integrity for sodium‐ion batteries

Ting Li, Yi‐Yang Jin, Zhen‐Zhen Wang, Yi‐Kun Wang and Shao‐Kun Chong

Rare Metals, 2025, 44, 1649
DOI: 10.1007/s12598-024-03014-y

Advances in hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries: understanding defect-pore interactions and interphase evolution, degradation mechanisms, operando/in-situ analysis

Leonard Mamba, Nithyadharseni Palaniyandy, Gcina Mamba, Mkhulu Kenneth Mathe, Maria-Magdalena Titirici and Teuns Van Ree

Applied Energy, 2026, 411, 127624
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.127624

Probing the Properties of Locally Formed Solid Electrolyte Interphases on Hard Carbon Anodes

Salimeh Saleh, Sven Daboss, Tom Philipp, David Schäfer, Marcus Rohnke and Christine Kranz

ChemElectroChem, 2025, 12
DOI: 10.1002/celc.202400707

Producing hard carbon anode material for sodium-ion batteries from copper-treated wood

Wissal Laabar, Da Huo, Hélène Tonnoir, Raphaël Janot, Jean Pierre Bonnet and Arash Jamali

Industrial Crops and Products, 2025, 230, 121156
DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121156

Synergistic manipulation of cathode morphology and electrolyte compatibility on high-voltage sodium-ion battery performances

Sheng-Ming Chang, Chia-Erh Liu and Tai-Feng Hung

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2025, 106284
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106284

Understanding dual-ion storage benefits and challenges of all carbon-fiber-plate candidate electrodes in sodium-ion structural batteries

Sandipan Maiti, Rajashree Konar, Leonardo Sbrascini, Anchali Jain, Maria João Regufe and Miguel Ángel Muñoz-Márquez

Composites Part B: Engineering, 2026, 311, 113216
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.113216

The Enormous Potential of Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries as the Mainstream Energy Storage Technology for Large‐Scale Commercial Applications

Yanjun Gao, Qiyao Yu, Huize Yang, Jianguo Zhang and Wei Wang

Advanced Materials, 2024, 36
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405989

Sustainable lignin-derived hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries manipulated by in-situ sacrificing templates

Leyi Wang, Shuhua Hao, Junjun Yao, Qiyu Liu, Fangbao Fu, Xihong Zu, Dongjie Yang, Xueqing Qiu and Wenli Zhang

Journal of Power Sources, 2026, 665, 239076
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239076

Internal-Parallel Hybrid Hard Carbon/TiO2 Electrode with a Boosted High-Rate Capability and Volumetric Capacity for Sodium-Ion Capacitors

Dafu Tang, Sicheng Fan, Zerui Yan, Ziyi Fang, Binhao Wang, Xia Zou and Qiulong Wei

ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2024, 7, 11590
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.4c00959

From Biomass to Energy Storage: A Review on Lignocellulosic Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sara Nour Eddine, Hamza Daoudi, Meriem Kasbaji, Abdelwahed Chari, Jones Alami, Mouad Dahbi, Mounir El Achaby and Zineb Kassab

Energy Fuels, 2025, 39, 17112
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02262

Plasma‐Assisted Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes from Naturally Occurring Catalysts in Floral Biomass for Ultrafast Lithium/Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Prashant S. Misal, Suyog A. Raut, Ujjwala P. Chothe, Ramchandra S. Kalubarme, Vikas L. Mathe, Damien Thiry, Milind V. Kulkarni, Sharmila R. Chaudhari and Bharat B. Kale

Batteries & Supercaps, 2025, 8
DOI: 10.1002/batt.202500203

Mechanism of Ni3S2 Nanostructure Regulation and Electrochemical Performance Optimization Based on Sulfur Source Decomposition Kinetics

Fang Yang, Han qin Chai, Zheng Zhang and Wei Dong

ChemistrySelect, 2025, 10
DOI: 10.1002/slct.202501901

Progress and Prospects in Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Materials: From Fundamentals to Material Engineering Strategies

Zeyu Chen, Liheng Yang, Geng Yu, Rui Yang, Yu Zhao, Chenguang Liu, Fan Zhang and Yongbing Tang

Energy Storage Materials, 2026, 84, 104745
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104745

Double functionalization strategy: Using acetate metal salt as medium to optimize hard carbon

Junjie Huang, Sicheng Liu, Enmin Li, Binghan Dai, Tianming Lu, Jinhan Teng, Yue Wu, Xin Tang, Luyu Lei, Dongdong Yin, Kaibo Zhang and Jing Li

Carbon, 2025, 234, 119981
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119981

Transforming Waste into Wealth: Advanced Carbon-Based Electrodes Derived from Refinery and Coal By-Products for Next-Generation Energy Storage

Ar Rafi Ferdous, Syed Shaheen Shah, Syed Niaz Ali Shah, Bashir Ahmed Johan, Md Abdullah Al Bari and Md. Abdul Aziz

Molecules, 2024, 29, 2081
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092081

Horizontal Sodium Growth via the Sodiophilicity-Driven Structural Design of Current Collectors for Anode-Free Sodium Metal Batteries

Seunghyun Kim, Gyeongbeom Ryoo, Jeng-Hun Lee, Jimin Kim, Jong Hwan Park and Kilwon Cho

ACS Nano, 2025, 19, 25455
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c07629

Microstructure and surface chemistry modification strategies of lignite-based hard carbon anode by high temperature carbonization for enhanced sodium ion storage

Xinru Tian, Shao-hua Luo, Ge Wang, Longxia Li, Mengyao Sun, Qing Wang and Chun-sheng Li

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 113, 115684
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.115684

Phase pure SnSb nanocrystals for reversible sodium storage in sodium-ion batteries

Kiran B. Kore, Sandeep C. Kanade, Rahul Mahadeo Mendhe, Shivkumar R. Newaskar, Sandesh R. Jadkar, Musthafa Ottakam Thotiyl and Adinath M. Funde

Ionics, 2025, 31, 6975
DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06375-1

Data-augmented machine learning for predicting biomass-derived hard carbon anode performance in sodium-ion batteries

Gang Chen, Zihan Yang, Peng Sun, Junfeng Li, Chenglong Wang, Jinliang Li, Guang Yang and Likun Pan

Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2026, 117, 70
DOI: 10.1016/j.jechem.2026.01.057

Sustainable Hard Carbon as Anode Materials for Na‐Ion Batteries: From Laboratory to Upscaling

Zhenyu Guo, Kaitian Zheng, Mengnan Wang, Yichen Huang, Yuanzhu Zhao, Heather Au and Maria‐Magdalena Titirici

Batteries & Supercaps, 2025, 8
DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400428

Plasma-enhanced microwave-driven methane pyrolysis for hydrogen and carbon production

Francisco Cepeda, Luke Di Liddo, Liam Mendoza and Murray J. Thomson

Journal of the Energy Institute, 2026, 124, 102400
DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102400

Graphite: the new critical mineral

Sohini Bhattacharyya, Soumyabrata Roy, Xiaodong Lin, Nicolo Campagnol, Alexandru Vlad and Pulickel M. Ajayan

Nat Rev Mater, 2025, 11, 65
DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00848-5

Quantum Chemical Investigation of the Interaction of Sodium Ions with Hard Carbon-Based Systems

Jonas Lührs, Laura Kalder, Eneli Härk, Daniel Sebastiani and Pouya Partovi-Azar

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2026
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c07586

Lithium-ion to sodium-ion batteries transitioning: trends, analysis and innovative technologies prospects in EV application

Maher G M Abdolrasol, Shaheer Ansari, Iftiab Ahammed Sarker, S K Tiong and M A Hannan

Prog. Energy, 2025, 7, 022007
DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/adbff0

Tailoring closed pores and interlayer spacing by air oxidation cross-linking: high-performance hard carbon anodes for Sodium-Ion batteries

Hongming Dai, Li Xiao, Jianfeng Yang, Pengcheng Liu, Pan Tang, Jing Li and Sheqiang Niu

Ionics, 2026
DOI: 10.1007/s11581-026-06976-4

Theoretical exploration of Janus Ti-based nitride MXenes (TiMN; M = Sc, Zr, Nb) as promising anode materials with fast ion diffusion for sodium-ion batteries

Bivas Kumar Dash, Aditi Ahmed Ananna, Afiya Akter Piya and Siraj Ud Daula Shamim

Surfaces and Interfaces, 2026, 86, 108692
DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2026.108692

Multitrack Boosted Hard Carbon Anodes: Innovative Paths and Advanced Performances in Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Mingyang Li, Zijian Li, Fangyuan Bai, Haw Jiunn Woo, Zurina Osman and Bin Fei

Small, 2025, 21
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202500645

Removal of hemicellulose from alkaline lignin improved electrochemical performance of hard carbon for sodium-ion battery application

Nethmi Kulanika Dayarathne, Eric Campbell, Mansi Goyal, Mu Xiao, Xueping Song, Cheng Yan, Hongxia Wang, Dawei Wang, Yu Lin Zhong and Zhanying Zhang

Mater. Futures, 2026, 5, 015102
DOI: 10.1088/2752-5724/ae1522

Temperature effects on hard carbon derived from bio-frass as anode materials for Sodium ion batteries

Sanjay Babu, Hsuan-Wei Chi, S. Kishore Babu, Shu-Hui Liu, Jia-Yen Chen, Chun-Chuen Yang and Wei-Ren Liu

Materials Research Bulletin, 2026, 199, 114069
DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2026.114069

Revisiting the critical role of metallic ash elements in the development of hard carbon for advancing sodium-ion battery applications

Chun Wu, Wenjie Huang, Yinghao Zhang, Qinghang Chen, Li Li, Yajun Zhang, Xingqiao Wu and Shu-Lei Chou

eScience, 2025, 5, 100371
DOI: 10.1016/j.esci.2025.100371

Ultrafast Thermal Engineering in Energy Materials: Design, Recycling, and Future Directions

Pandeng Zhao, Xingqiao Wu, Yinghao Zhang, Wenjie Huang, Yuhai Dou, Hua Kun Liu, Shixue Dou, Minghong Wu and Shulei Chou

ACS Nano, 2025, 19, 17199
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c04768

Upcycling of Waste Polymers into Porous Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Hosung Hwang, Jae Hoon Lee, Jaewon Choi, Yong‐Seok Choi and Se Youn Cho

ChemSusChem, 2026, 19
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202502183

LiF modified hard carbon from date seeds as an anode material for enhanced low-temperature lithium-ion batteries

Nurbolat Issatayev, Kazna Tassybay, Nae-Lih Wu, Arailym Nurpeissova, Zhumabay Bakenov and Gulnur Kalimuldina

Carbon, 2024, 229, 119479
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119479

Hollow Graphitic Nanoshells as a Material for Ion Batteries

Maria Hasan, Alicja Bachmatiuk, Gražyna Simha Martynková, Karla Čech Barabaszová and Mark H. Rümmeli

Materials, 2026, 19, 1187
DOI: 10.3390/ma19061187

Uniformly confined heteroatoms in mesoporous carbon engineered by organic-inorganic hybrid template for ultrafast-charging sodium-ion batteries

Yuxiao Chen, Youyu Duan, Xiaoyan Li, Xinran Wang, Zeyu Chen, Yuruo Qi, Xing Shen and Junmei Zhao

Carbon, 2026, 249, 121258
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121258

Microstructure-controlled porous carbon as high rate and long lifespan anode material for sodium-ion batteries

Fengyun Zhou, Changhao Li, Linchao Zhang, Yixiang Dong, Jinye Lin, Xiaohui Song, XuYong Feng, Yi Sun and Hongfa Xiang

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 659, 238381
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.238381

Unveiling single-layer Hittorf's violet phosphorus as a novel sodium host anode to advance Na-ion battery technology

Zouhir Mansouri, Fatima Ezzahra Khatta, Youness Kaddar, Nohayla Regragui, Hamid Ez-Zahraouy and Omar Mounkachi

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 659, 238466
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.238466

Enhancing electrode efficiency by tuning surface electronic properties and defects in NiFe layered double hydroxide nanosheets with Al or Zn cation vacancies

Xiangru Zhu, Yani Yan, Lijing Xie, Yi Zhou, Yongfeng Li, Yanzhen Liu and Chengmeng Chen

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 626, 235752
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.235752

Bacterial cellulose fiber templated carbonyl-rich dual carbon electrodes for boosting sodium-ion storage

Fujuan Wang, Tianyun Zhang and Fen Ran

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 115, 115994
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.115994

Synergistic activation and doping strategy for regulating the microstructure of bamboo-derived hard carbon to enhance sodium-ion storage performance

Tengteng Gao, Chenxi Zeng and Yanhuai Ding

Materials Today Energy, 2025, 54, 102056
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2025.102056

Lignocellulosic oxidation bridging to modulate pseudographitic domain of hard carbon toward boosted sodium storage

Fengxuan Wu, Yuming Zhao, Zhidong Hou, Mingwei Jiang, Weijia He, Dan Su, Mingyao Wang and Jian-Gan Wang

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 130, 117496
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.117496

Advances in hard carbon: From structural complexity to applications for next-generation technologies

Jagdeep Singh, Zhiqi Zhu, Shijie Han, Nannan Wang and Santosh K. Tiwari

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2025, 1042, 183755
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.183755

Self-doped porous sorghum husk-derived carbon as anode for high performance sodium-ion batteries at low temperatures

Bin Lu, Jia-Xi Song, Ding-Rong Deng, Gui-Fang Li, Ye Zeng, Shuang-Lin Cai, Jian-Chun Weng, Xiao-Hong Fan, Yi Li and Qi-Hui Wu

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 102, 114056
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114056

Steric Hindrance Engineering to Modulate the Closed Pores Formation of Polymer‐Derived Hard Carbon for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Jianhao Lin, Qingfeng Zhou, Zhishan Liao, Yunhua Chen, Yike Liu, Qiang Liu and Xunhui Xiong

Angewandte Chemie, 2024, 136
DOI: 10.1002/ange.202409906

Closed‐Pore Engineering in Hard Carbon for Sodium Ion Storage: Advances, Challenges and Future Horizons

Weijun Zhang, Yuxuan Du, Yuqian Qiu, Chong Li, Ihar Razanau, Aitkazy Kaisha, Fei Xu and Hongqiang Wang

Advanced Energy Materials, 2025, 15
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202503884

Graphitic seeding strategy enables superior ICE, high capacity and rate capability in hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries

Xiaohan Jing, Dengke Liu, Jiaying Yang, Haitong Liu, Jiangan Wang, Zhylinski Valery and Fei Xu

Carbon, 2026, 247, 121040
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.121040

Hard Carbon Derived from Waste Polyethylene for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Battery Anodes

Qianqian Zhao, Liying Ou, Kai Zhu, Yinyi Gao and Dianxue Cao

ChemistrySelect, 2025, 10
DOI: 10.1002/slct.202501666

Hollow-structured and nano-flower shaped high entropy layer double hydroxide for superiority specific capacitance and rate capability of supercapacitor

Ziyang Zhu, Qicheng Chen, Dehao Kong, Nan He and Yingjin Zhang

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 100, 113718
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.113718

Preparation of Manganese Cobalt-Based Binary Metal Oxide for High-Performance Quasi-Solid-State Supercapacitors

Jiangyun Wu, Minxi Sun, Dunrong Li, Yongkang Li, Junhao Liang, Jiayi Hao, Bixia Wang, Hui Xu, Chun Wu, Wei Qin and Xingqiao Wu

ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2025, 8, 6945
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.4c03319

Boric Acid Tailored Pre‐Oxidation Crosslinking and Suppressed Molecular Rearrangement Toward Pitch‐Derived Carbon Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Yuanlong Feng, Lin Yang, Tingting Luo, Yike He, Yin Shen, Yun Wang, Xiaokun Cheng, Qiong Duan, Zhiyuan Ma, Mingshan Wang and Xing Li

Small, 2025, 21
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202510888

Decoupling Degradation at the Electrode Interfaces in Prussian White Full Cells

Casimir Misiewicz, Alexandra E. Ulander, Tim Melin, Aram Hall and Erik J. Berg

Adv Materials Inter, 2025, 12
DOI: 10.1002/admi.202400854

Oxygen concentration-regulated etching in pitch-derived hard carbon for sodium-ion storage

Chenming Feng, Min Huang, Chiyu Wen, Ruibang Xie, Kaiwen Hou, Zongyun Shao and Fei Han

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 522, 167115
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.167115

Tuning Porous Carbon into Hard Carbon via an SN2 Reaction for Enhanced Sodium Storage

Yan Zhang, Biao Zheng, Qingfeng Fu, Yan Duan, Aiping Hu, Wenbin Zhong and Jilei Liu

Nano Lett., 2026, 26, 2761
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06425

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets synthesized via a layered nanoreactor: exploring material properties for enhanced slope capacity in sodium-ion battery anodes

Mohammad Yeganeh Ghotbi, M.N.M. Ansari, Achmad Subhan, Hassan Soleimani and Lingjiang Kou

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2025
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2025.11.017

Ultrafast High-Temperature Synthesis Propels the Full-Chain Development of All-Solid-State Batteries: From Material Preparation, Interface Optimization to Recycling

Xikun Pang, Yuxiang Mao, Fangqin Mao, Miao Liu, Yonghui Zhao, Peng Xu, Xuan Wang, Xiao Zhan, Fan Wang and Li Zhang

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2024, 128, 14127
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c04658

Spatial confinement strategy modulated by kinetic diameters of gaseous molecules for sodium storage

Jingqiang Zheng, Weigang Liu, Simin Li, Yanqing Lai, Jie Li and Zhian Zhang

Energy Storage Materials, 2024, 73, 103835
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103835

Closed-Pore Regulation of Hard Carbon Based on Rapid Diffusion Dynamics to Enhance Sodium Storage

Wen Li, Zongfu Sun, Ning Zhang, Nan Xiao, Hui Xie, Biao Chen, Naiqin Zhao and Chunnian He

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2026
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5c24787

Oxidation anchoring strategy for the retention of nanostructures in high temperature carbonization process to enhance hard carbon sodium storage performance

Yi Zhang, Yonghong Ye, Guoli Zhang, Jianlong Wang, Kaixi Li and Taotao Guan

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 503, 158395
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.158395

Developing next-generation hard carbon anodes for fast-charging sodium-ion batteries

Mingjing Yang, Qinghang Chen, Qianxiong Wen, Lin Li, Chun Wu, Xingqiao Wu and Shulei Chou

Sci. China Chem., 2025, 68, 4091
DOI: 10.1007/s11426-025-2602-9

Pore structure manipulation‐enhanced sodium storage of calcium‐lignosulfonate‐based hard carbon

Yunfei Gou, Lixin Bai, Yandong Ma, Jian Jiang, Lingbin Kong and Yuruo Qi

Battery Energy, 2024, 3
DOI: 10.1002/bte2.20240005

Lignin derived hard carbon for sodium ion batteries: Recent advances and future perspectives

Ao Wang, Gaoyue Zhang, Meng Li, Yuntong Sun, Yawen Tang, Kang Sun, Jong-Min Lee, Gengtao Fu and Jianchun Jiang

Progress in Materials Science, 2025, 152, 101452
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101452

Improved graphene-based sodium-ion battery anodes using low surface area, low temperature reduced graphene oxide powders

Casey Dudding, Sarah Jankhani, Lars Grebener, Mukarram Ali, Doris Segets, Hartmut Wiggers and Michael A. Pope

Carbon, 2025, 244, 120608
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2025.120608

Tuning the Electronic Structure of Niobium Oxyphosphate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites by Vanadium‐Doping for High‐Performance Na+ Storage Application

Zhongteng Chen, Tao Tao, Chenglong Shi, Xiaoyan Shi, Lianyi Shao, Junling Xu and Zhipeng Sun

Carbon Neutralization, 2025, 4
DOI: 10.1002/cnl2.70010

Molecular-level precursor regulation strategy aids fast-charging hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries

Hui Xu, Hong Song, Minxi Sun, Yinghao Zhang, Xiaoyong Feng, Wei Qin, Chun Wu, Shulei Chou and Xingqiao Wu

Nano Energy, 2025, 137, 110824
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110824

Heterojunction Vacancies‐Promoted High Sodium Storage Capacity and Fast Reaction Kinetics of the Anodes for Ultra‐High Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Hui Zheng, Dakai Ma, Maojun Pei, Chenkai Lin, Yao Liu, Shuqi Deng, Ruoxue Qiu, Yiyuan Luo, Wei Yan and Jiujun Zhang

Adv Funct Materials, 2025, 35
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202411651

Recent advances in heteroatom doped transition metal sulfides for high-performance supercapacitors

Can Zhang, Jiahua He, Guangjin Wang, Xiaodong Hong and Chunwang Zhao

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 104, 114562
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114562

Efficient Transformation of Bituminous Grade Noncoking Coal into Hard Carbon for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Battery Anodes: A Sustainable and Cost-Effective Energy Storage Solution

Gopal Sebak Goswami, Anirban Ghosh, Srijib Das, Naresh Chandra Murmu, Brij Kishore and Tapas Kuila

ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2025, 8, 9506
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.5c01019

Construction of N, S-doped single hole hollow carbon spheres//graphite potassium-ion hybrid capacitor with high energy density and long cycle life

Qin Yang, Yu Dong, Zhanwei Zhang, Yuan Wei, Mingqi Li and Cheng Tang

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 101, 113691
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.113691

Na2-Mn[Fe(CN)6] Prussian blue analog cathodes for Na-ion batteries – From fundamentals to practical demonstration

Zhenying Li, Yu Wang, François Rabuel, Michael Deschamps, Gwenaëlle Rousse, Ozlem Sel and Jean-Marie Tarascon

Energy Storage Materials, 2025, 76, 104118
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104118

Deciphering Sodium Storage in Hard Carbon Anodes: A Review on the Interplay of Microstructure, Interfacial Engineering, and Electrochemical Performance

Md Abdul Kabir Hossain, Fahima Ferdaus, Bashir Ahmed Johan, Atif Saeed Alzahrani, Syed Shaheen Shah and Md. Abdul Aziz

Energy Fuels, 2025, 39, 23937
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c04452

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance as a Probe for Sodium‐Ion Battery Materials: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Sanchita Manna, Sreshtha Ganguly, Dhrubajyoti Das, Rajashekar Billa and Sreeraj Puravankara

Small, 2026
DOI: 10.1002/smll.73253

Pre-construction gas nanochamber strategy: Producing hard carbon rich in closed pores and sp2-C for sodium-ion batteries

Yong Qian, Yuxiao Lin, Jinwei Tian, Wei Xia, Xianya Li and Ning Lin

Energy Storage Materials, 2025, 75, 104092
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104092

Intrinsic nitrogen-doped graphdiyne boosts sodium storage via fast ion desolvation kinetics

Hao Huang, Fangcheng Qiu, Ze Yang, Yan Xu, Xiao Lu, Xiaodong Li, Huiping Du, Zhufeng Hou and Changshui Huang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026, 532, 174229
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2026.174229

Empirical Optimization of Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon Anode for Efficient Sodium Storage

So Hyun Lee, Sang Jun Lee, Su Hwan Jeong, Hyun Kung Lee, Hyunseok Kim, Jinwoo Choi and Joo-Hyung Kim

Korean J. Met. Mater., 2025, 63, 53
DOI: 10.3365/KJMM.2025.63.1.53

Optimizing Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Effects of Pre‐Treatment and Post‐Treatment Techniques

Muetaz Mohammed, Mohammad M. Hossain and Md Abdullah Al Bari

Battery Energy, 2025, 4
DOI: 10.1002/bte2.20250054

Advances in inorganic anode materials and progress in sodium-ion batteries: a comprehensive review

Tanya Dagar, Rajkamal Arya, Ankush Kumar Singh and Anil Kumar Sinha

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 655, 237945
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.237945

Synergistic Enhancement of Waste Tire-Derived Carbon Co-Doped with Heteroatoms via Ionic Liquid Modification for Sodium-Ion Battery Anodes

Haiyang Yu, Ishioma Laurene Egun, Rong Wang, Chengyan Zou, Yiwu Zheng, Yanhui Zhang and Zhengfei Chen

J. Electrochem. Soc., 2025, 172, 120529
DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ae2f31

Advances in oxygen-containing functional groups-modified hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries

Yufei He, Da Liu, Qinyu Li, Zeyu Zhu and Renbing Wu

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2026, 168, 101143
DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101143

Carbon nanofiber-supported SnSe as self-supporting anode for sodium ion battery

Mengwei Lu, Ying Huang, Bowei Song and Chen Chen

J Mater Sci, 2025, 60, 3899
DOI: 10.1007/s10853-025-10618-x

Electron Density Engineering at the Bond Critical Points in Solvation Sheath of Sodium Ions for High‐Rate Hard Carbon in Ether‐Based Electrolyte

Wannian Zhang, Ying Luo, Xingyu Li, Liying Liu, Xiaoyang Zhao, Xi Ke, Ruijie Xu and Caihong Lei

Small, 2025, 21
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202411531

Resin-based hard carbon for low-cost sodium-ion batteries with SPAN cathode

Pengtang Zhang, Xianyi Gui, Xiangyu Fan, Lingfeng Wang, Xirui Kong, Ben Chong and Jiulin Wang

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 652, 237664
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.237664

Charcoal-derived hard carbon anodes with enhanced sodium storage performance for sodium-ion batteries

Shengchen Yang, Yan Li, Chun Chen, Hui Wang, Kaihang Wang, Qingqing Li, Ruize Dong, Manman Chen, Cai Zhao, Weiwei Xu, Lin Sun, Tao Zhang, Kehua Dai, Guosheng Shao and Jing Mao

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 525, 170279
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.170279

Entropy Profiling of Hard Carbon/Na Metal Cells with Stepwise Temperature Changes: Influence of the Sodiation Kinetics on the Cell Voltage Response

Laurin Derr, Steffen Braun, Krishnaveni Palanisamy, Christine Kranz and Rolf Schuster

Batteries & Supercaps, 2026, 9
DOI: 10.1002/batt.202500924

Vesicular porous carbon with outstanding electrochemical performances in Zn-based devices: Extracted from asphalt and wood precursors

Cen Li, Lunjing Yan, Miaolin Lv, Weiqiang Hou, Meijun Wang, Jiao Kong, Jiancheng Wang, Weiren Bao and Liping Chang

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 113, 115561
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.115561

Tuning Microstructures of Hard Carbon Anode by Rapid Pre-foaming Strategy for Superhigh-Rate Sodium-ion Storage Performance in Low-plateau Region

Prof. Zhihua Xiao, Zechen Li, Yankun Sun, Fangzhi Zheng, Chong Xu, Dong Sun, Shuang Liu, Bo Sun, Ziang Wang, Sijia Liao, Taoyuan Pan, Qiang Ye, Tao Li, Prof. Chunming Xu and Prof. Yongfeng Li

Energy Storage Materials, 2025, 78, 104283
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104283

Functionalized carbon materials for high-energy sodium-ion batteries: Progress, mechanisms, and perspectives

Meenakshi Gusain, Preety Ahuja, Akshara Bassi, Divjot Kour and Kumud Dubey

Journal of Power Sources, 2026, 667, 239311
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2026.239311

Advances in two-dimensional Sn-based anode materials for K-ion batteries: structural features, mechanisms, and challenges

Damia Tehseen, Javed Rehman, Mohib Ullah, Abdus Samad, Naseer Muhammad Khan and Guochun Yang

Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2025, 203, 112701
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpcs.2025.112701

Feasibility of Hydrothermal Activation for Conversion of Biomass of Sterculia Foetida into Hard Carbon Anode for Sodium-Ion Battery

Shakina J. Selva and M. Siluvai Michael

Bioenerg. Res., 2026, 19
DOI: 10.1007/s12155-025-10953-6

Na5YSi4O12-polymer composite coating for hard carbon: a strategy to improve sodium-ion storage performance

Mohamed M. Abdelaal, Pandeeswari Jayaraman, Kei Nishikawa and Masashi Kotobuki

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2025, 106329
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106329

Self-supporting high-entropy-oxide@layered-Ni electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

Long-Zhe Wei, Sheng-Jie Shi, Man-Ying Guo, Rui-Fen Guo and Ping Shen

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 110, 115351
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.115351

Revealing the Formation Mechanism of Inactive Sodium in Anode‐Free Sodium Batteries: Crystal Mismatch and Weak Lattice Force

Chunlin Xie, Kang Liang, Hao Wu, Zhengkun Xie, Yurong Ren, Jiawen Dai, Junhui Lu, Yougen Tang and Haiyan Wang

Advanced Energy Materials, 2025, 15
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202500351

Single-atom incorporated hard carbon for atomic interface engineering of sodium-ion batteries

Anubha Yadav and Saikat Dutta

Materials Today Energy, 2026, 57, 102230
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtener.2026.102230

Enhanced capacitive deionization performance with self-supporting electrodes of flexible carbon nanofiber/layered double hydroxide composites

Chen Fu, Zhaoyuan Zhu, Xiang Ma, Jian Wang, Kuanjun Fang, Ce Wang and Guangdi Nie

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2024, 703, 135251
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.135251

Construction of NiCoMo electrode with unanticipated strong cyclic stability by transition from oxide into layered double hydroxide

Jiahui Fan, Ziyi Meng, Aiying Chen, Zhenguo Zhang, Yuan He, Hui Gao, Hao Han, Chenlu Liang and Yong Liu

Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2025, 188, 109223
DOI: 10.1016/j.mssp.2024.109223

Transition‐Metal‐Free Electrodes for Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Batteries: a Path towards Sustainable Energy Storage

Nishita Roy, Anubhab Patra, Gurupada Barik, Satishchandra Ogale and Manas K. Bhunia

Small, 2025, 21
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202504826

High-value applications of traffic and transportation waste for energy storage system: moving towards green development

Yue Wu, Hui Xu, Wei Qin, Chun Wu and Xingqiao Wu

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 499, 156344
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.156344

Functionalized acetylene black-conductive additive for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries

Weiyue Zheng, Yi Tang, Kejia Yang, Jiali Li, Linhao Qi, Chenxi Yue, HuaYu Chen and Jian Chen

Ionics, 2025, 31, 5479
DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06324-y

Revealing the intrinsic structure-property relationship in hard carbon during (de)sodiation: Insights from direct atomic simulations with neural network potentials

Jianhui Chen, Xiaoxia Chen, Bo Xu, Libin Chen, Chenyu Wang, Cuilian Wen, Xushan Zhao, Musheng Wu, Baisheng Sa and Chuying Ouyang

Energy Storage Materials, 2025, 81, 104546
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104546

Natural Gluten Binder Enabling High‐Performance Hard Carbon Anode in Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Siyao Wu, Jinwei Zhou, Qihou Li and Feixiang Wu

Adv Funct Materials, 2025, 35
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202507916

Thermal hazard comparison and assessment of Li-ion battery and Na-ion battery

Wenxin Mei, Zhixiang Cheng, Longbao Wang, Anqi Teng, Zhiyuan Li, Kaiqiang Jin, Jinhua Sun and Qingsong Wang

Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2025, 102, 18
DOI: 10.1016/j.jechem.2024.10.036

Shifting trends: Exploring different polymer hosts and polyelectrolyte systems for efficient sodium-ion batteries

Talha Munir, Abeera Tariq, Shanawar Shaheen, Rizwan Asghar and Rida Noor

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 98, 113045
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.113045

Tunable Polyethylenimine-Interpenetrated Lignin-Derived Hard Carbons with Enhanced Plateau Capacity for Application in High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

Hao Ai, Jin Qin, Qing Zhou, Weiyu Zhou, Jiao Xie and Kaifeng Du

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2025, 64, 10805
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5c00154

Perfecting oxygen stoichiometry in cathode materials: A defect-control strategy for stable sodium-ion batteries

Leyi Zhang, Yingbin Hong, Jialin Xu, Shutao Lin, Zhongchong Lin, Lituo Zheng, Hu-Rong Yao and Zhensheng Hong

Energy Storage Materials, 2025, 82, 104556
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104556

Bicontinuous Structure Mediated Microstructural Engineering of Hard Carbon for Enhanced Sodium Storage

Chen Tang, Wenwei Zhang, Yixiao Zhang, Qinyou An, Fugui Xu, Guoxiu Wang and Yiyong Mai

Advanced Materials, 2026, 38
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202511632

Deep Learning-Based State Estimation for Sodium-Ion Batteries Using Long Short-Term Memory Network

Yunzhe Li, Yuhao Li, Jiangong Zhu, Haifeng Dai, Zhi Li and Bo Jiang

Batteries, 2025, 12, 6
DOI: 10.3390/batteries12010006

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Insights into the Sodium Storage Mechanism in Bio-Waste Derived Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Shuting Zhang, Mohsen Sotoudeh, Robert Leiter, Wenbo Wang, Lukas Pfeiffer, Simon Fleischmann, Peter Axmann, Dominic Bresser, Maider Zarrabeitia and Stefano Passerini

Energy Storage Materials, 2026, 105091
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2026.105091

Progress and Prospect of Industrialization of Sodium‐Ion Battery in China

Qiang Li, Ulderico Ulissi, Zibin Liang, Xiaoxia Chen, Bingkun Guo, Xinxin Zhang and Chuying Ouyang

Advanced Energy Materials, 2026, 16
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202504877

Mini-Review on Advanced Characterization Techniques for Insights into the Sodium Storage Mechanism of Hard Carbon Anodes: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Nagmani, Ashish Kumar, Chandra Gowthami, Ravula Vijay, Tata Narasinga Rao and Srinivasan Anandan

Energy Fuels, 2024, 38, 18153
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c01707

Revisiting inactive constituents in sodium-ion batteries: Uncovering hidden drivers of performance

Hui Xu, Hong Song, Jiangyun Wu, Minxi Sun, Chun Wu, Yinghao Zhang, Wei Qin, Qiliang Wei, Jia-Zhao Wang and Xingqiao Wu

Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 111605
DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111605

Factors influencing slope and plateau capacities of hard carbon anodes: A mathematical modeling perspective

Ankit Gupta and Dipayan Mukherjee

Journal of Power Sources, 2026, 666, 239143
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.239143

Zirconium doping facilitates a vertically aligned NiCoZr-layered hydroxide nanoneedle arrays electrode for hybrid supercapacitors exhibiting a 90,000 cycle durability

Wenxuan Hu, Bin Hu, Ziliang Wu, Min Zuo, Yihu Song, Qiang Zheng, Guorong Shan and Miao Du

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 97, 112825
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.112825

Sucrose‐Based Dense, Pure, and Highly‐Crystalline Graphitic Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Karolina Jurkiewicz, Barbara Liszka, Paweł Gancarz, Szymon Smykała, Dorota Zygadło, Patryk Nokielski, Taoufik Lamrani, Ewa Talik, Roman Wrzalik, Mariusz Walkowiak and Jan Ilavsky

Adv Funct Materials, 2024, 34
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202410409

Facile hydrothermal synthesis of copper oxide microspheres decorated with nickel sulfide nanoparticles battery-type electrode materials for high-energy-density hybrid supercapacitors

Dasha Kumar Kulurumotlakatla, K.V.G. Raghavendra, Rajangam Vinodh, Ghuzanfar Saeed and Chandu V.V. Muralee Gopi

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 110, 115327
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.115327

3D printing of lattice-structured hard carbon negative electrodes for sodium-ion batteries using vat photopolymerization

Sina Bakhtar Chavari, Ana C. Martinez, Pedro Cortes, Eric MacDonald, Bharat Yelamanchi, Myeong-Lok Seol, Donald A. Dornbusch, William H. Huddleston, Cadre J. Francis, Carol B. Ochoa Putman and Alexis Maurel

Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2026, 32, 890
DOI: 10.1108/RPJ-07-2025-0348

Coating super-crosslinked polycyclic aromatic molecules on hard carbon microspheres for a sodium-ion battery anode

Yong-hong YE, Xing-bo YU, Guo-li ZHANG, Hui-hui LI, Sheng-qin GUAN, Jian-long WANG, Kai-xi LI and Tao-tao GUAN

New Carbon Materials, 2025, 40, 1098
DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)60983-8

Recent Progress in the Design of Functional Carbon Materials for Energy Storage

Tianshu Liu, Wei Yu, Heather Au, Yoshikiyo Hatakeyama, Kazuma Gotoh, Toshihiro Kondo, Maria-Magdalena Titirici and Hirotomo Nishihara

ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2025, 8, 17155
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.5c03095

Advances and Prospects of Lignin-Derived Hard Carbons for Next-Generation Sodium-Ion Batteries

Narasimharao Kitchamsetti and Sungwook Mhin

Polymers, 2025, 17, 2801
DOI: 10.3390/polym17202801

From Powder to Pouch Cell: Setting up a Sodium‐Ion Battery Reference System Based on Na3V2(PO4)3/C and Hard Carbon

Pirmin Stüble, Cedric Müller, Nicole Bohn, Marcus Müller, Andreas Hofmann, Tolga Akçay, Julian Klemens, Arnd Koeppe, Satish Kolli, Deepalaxmi Rajagopal, Holger Geßwein, Wilhelm Schabel, Philip Scharfer, Michael Selzer, Joachim R. Binder and Anna Smith

Batteries & Supercaps, 2024, 7
DOI: 10.1002/batt.202400406

Advancements and challenges in anode materials for sodium-ion batteries: a comprehensive review

Appu Shivannanaik, Anusha Balighatta Rameshkumar, Udayabhanu and Prashantha Kalappa

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, 2025, 50, 296
DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2024.2417174

Steric Hindrance Engineering to Modulate the Closed Pores Formation of Polymer‐Derived Hard Carbon for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Jianhao Lin, Qingfeng Zhou, Zhishan Liao, Yunhua Chen, Yike Liu, Qiang Liu and Xunhui Xiong

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2024, 63
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409906

MIL-88-derived porous carbon rod-supported FePS3 nanosheet arrays for robust sodium storage

Wenhu Xie, Longsheng Zhong, Hejun Zeng, Xilin Wang, Yanhe Xiao, Baochang Cheng and Shuijin Lei

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 105, 114799
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114799

Probing Local Asymmetric Site Anchored Anion Based on Multifunctional Polymer Electrolyte for Sustainable Solid‐State Sodium‐Metal Battery

Qi‐Cong Ling, Dian‐Cheng Chen, Xu Zhu, Yan‐Fang Zhu, Zhuo‐Zheng Hong, Jian Liu, Qing‐Qun Sun, Yu‐Bin Niu, Yang Sun, Peng‐Fei Wang and Yao Xiao

Advanced Materials, 2026, 38
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202514352

Influence of Hard/Soft Carbon Ratio in Composite Anodes for Enhanced Performance in Sodium‐Ion Battery

Israr Ahmed, Lucas Rosson, Maria Forsyth and Nolene Byrne

ChemElectroChem, 2025, 12
DOI: 10.1002/celc.202400586

Progress in optimizing the application strategy of SEI membranes for HC sodium ion batteries

Junjun Zhou, Bingchuan Li, Lingling Xie, Qing Han, Xuejing Qiu, Xiaoyu Cao and Limin Zhu

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 104, 114443
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114443

A Universal Interfacial Reconstruction Strategy Based on Converting Residual Alkali for Sodium Layered Oxide Cathodes: Marvelous Air Stability, Reversible Anion Redox, and Practical Full Cell

Ling-Yi Kong, Jia-Yang Li, Han-Xiao Liu, Yan-Fang Zhu, Jingqiang Wang, Yifeng Liu, Xin-Yu Zhang, Hai-Yan Hu, Hanghang Dong, Zhuang-Chun Jian, Chen Cheng, Shuangqiang Chen, Liang Zhang, Jia-Zhao Wang, Shulei Chou and Yao Xiao

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2024, 146, 32317
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04766

A soft carbon/hard carbon composite synthesized from asphalt/pecan shells as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries

Yiming Yin, Yao Tan, Yuanyuan Lu, Yuhang Wang, Jianwen Yang, Yanwei Li and Bin Huang

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 113, 115649
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.115649

Synthesis and Sodium-Ion Storage of Triazole-Substituted Graphdiyne

Yang Kong, Yujie Wang, Yurui Xue, Lu Qi, Wenlong Yang, Guoxing Li, Taifeng Liu and Yuliang Li

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2025, 147, 14219
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c17376

Advancements in sodium-ion batteries technology: A comprehensive review of recent development on materials, mechanisms, applications, and prospects for energy storage

Tsegaye Sissay Tedla, Ntuthuko Wonderboy Hlongwa, Thabo Thokozani Innocent Nkambule and Mesfin Abayneh Kebede

Energy Reports, 2025, 14, 3175
DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2025.10.014

Unlocking Energy Potential: Exploiting Anionic Redox Activity in Na‐Based Layered Oxides

Neeraja Nair, Greeshma Caroline, Rishikesh Vengarathody, Shantikumar V. Nair, Maximilian Fichtner, Prabeer Barpanda and Senthilkumar Baskar

Small, 2026
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202512974

Highly Adaptive Flame‐Retardant Electrolyte Endows Hard‐Carbon Anodes with Stable Interface Structure for High‐Safety Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Xueqi Yu, Cheng Yang, Chang Liu, Yanfeng Gao and Yu Liu

Energy Tech, 2024, 12
DOI: 10.1002/ente.202400433

Optimizing nitrogen-doped bamboo-derived hard carbon as anodes of sodium-ion batteries

J.D. Wang, J. Kuai, J. Xie, T. Qiu, J. Wang, A.L. Li, F. Liu and J.P. Cheng

Diamond and Related Materials, 2025, 153, 112061
DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2025.112061

High-performance pitch-based hard carbon for sodium-ion batteries: Introducing oxygen functional groups and regulating closed pores by adjusting pre-oxidation rate

Xinwei Li, Haoran Wang, Xin Liu, Qianqian Liang, Jiawen Hu, Li Xu, Changsheng Ding, Yongfeng Li, Yu Liu and Yanfeng Gao

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 108, 114995
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114995

The rational design of Fe2O3@MnO2 derived from Fe[Fe(CN)6]∙4H2O as negative electrode for asymmetric supercapacitor

Jiankun Li, Shang Wu, Xin Sun, Jiajia Wang, Jincai Yang, Xin Xu, Qinzheng Hu, Yuzhi Sun, Zhe Wang, Shuhe Kang and Juanli Liu

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 96, 112676
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.112676

Crosslinking modification of starch improves the structural stability of hard carbon anodes for high-capacity sodium storage

Yangkai Sun, Tianchi Shen, Zijian He and Shurong Wang

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2025, 678, 1142
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.09.191

Sandwich confinement engineering of tin sulfide in nitrogen/sulfur-co-doped hollow carbon spheres for efficient sodium storage

Yali Yang, Tianyu Li, Ning Sun, Yang Zhao, Dai Zhang, Bin Xu, Reiner Anwander and Yucang Liang

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 660, 238498
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.238498

Solvent-induced self-assembly of multilayer rosette-like mesoporous carbon spheres for sodium-ion storage

Qi Yang, Wenjie Ma, Jiancheng Wang, Ziping Xu, Qingquan Kong, Xuguang An, Jing Zhang, Lisi Xie, Xiaolei Li and Weitang Yao

Carbon, 2026, 253, 121470
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2026.121470

Advancing Porous Carbons: Understanding the Importance of Surface Chemistry for the Energy–Environment Nexus

Conchi Ania, Teresa J. Bandosz, Diego Cazorla-Amorós and M. Fernando R. Pereira

Chem. Rev., 2026, 126, 2678
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5c00719

From graphite to hard carbon: multifaceted sodium storage reactions and future perspectives of carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Hong Qin, Shuang Wang, Huaiyu Zhou, Shuo Pan, Da Cui, Qing Wang, Chunxia Jia, Lidong Zhang and Jingru Bai

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2025, 993, 119270
DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2025.119270

Carbonization-temperature-dependent structural evolution and Na+ storage mechanism of waste rubberwood-derived hard carbons

Xinyu Wang, Danqing Pu, Yunhua Li, Zhibo Yang, Haonan Xiao, Ruoan Li, Han Guo, Runze Ma, Yujun Fu, Chengtian Lv, Haodong Jiang, Yongbo Su, Dequan Liu and Deyan He

Applied Surface Science, 2026, 735, 166586
DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166586

Insight into the Role of Closed‐Pore Size on Rate Capability of Hard Carbon for Fast‐Charging Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Shuhao Xiao, Yu‐Jie Guo, Han‐Xian Chen, Haizhou Liu, Zhou‐Quan Lei, Lin‐Bo Huang, Ruo‐Xi Jin, Xiao‐Chuan Su, Qianyu Zhang and Yu‐Guo Guo

Advanced Materials, 2025, 37
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202501434

Identifying the importance of functionalization evolution during pre-oxidation treatment in producing economical asphalt-derived hard carbon for Na-ion batteries

Yuejing Zeng, Fei Wang, Yanbing Cheng, Minghui Chen, Jiyue Hou, Dong Yang, Yaqi Zhang, Wenhao Yang, Guanjun Liu, Yiyong Zhang, Ziyi Zhu, Xue Li, Yang Yang and Jinbao Zhao

Energy Storage Materials, 2024, 73, 103808
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103808

Next-generation anodes for high-energy and low-cost sodium-ion batteries

Wenhua Zuo, Zaichun Liu, Andrew Dopilka, Ziqi Yang, Yuqi Li, Joseph Kubal, Haegyeom Kim, Fang Liu, Ping Liu, Anh T. Ngo, Johanna Nelson Weker, Zonghai Chen, Robert Kostecki, Julie Wulf-Knoerzer, Venkat Srinivasan, Yi Cui, Khalil Amine and Gui-Liang Xu

Nat Rev Mater, 2026, 11, 117
DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00857-4

Multi-Scale Synergistic Engineering of S/N Co-Doped Hard Carbon Derived from Coal Pitch with Hierarchical Porosity for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Storage

Jinghong Chen, Yanru Liu, Guobin Zhong, Hao Liu, Dateng Pei, Yujie Wang, Yuping Zhang, Guohao Hao, Qianqian Hu, Peng Guo, He Zhao, Jiawei Wu, Kun Jia, Yingjie Liu, Shijie Li, Chao Wang and Xihong Lu

Energy Fuels, 2026, 40, 2804
DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c06078

Ultrafast thermal shock synthesis of nitrogen-doped expanded graphite for high-performance sodium-ion battery anodes

Kangsheng Huang, Shiqi Tian, Hai Xu, Chang Fang, Langyuan Wu, HaiJun Wang, Fuliang Liu, Wenjie He and Xiaogang Zhang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 505, 159326
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.159326

Recent advances in the preparation strategies and performance optimization of hard carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Wangbing Wang, Gaoyun Liu, Niyizhen Wu, Wenhua Zhang, Xuelong He, Guodong Xu and Zhe Chen

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 139, 118910
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.118910

Multidimensional carbon architecture empowering Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7 cathode: An ultra-stable sodium-ion battery design enduring 10,000 cycles

Shuai Yin, Jin Chen, Pei Liu, Zhiqiang Li, Zhen Ding, Yi Wang, Zhanpeng Liu, Xing Xin, Mingjiong Zhou and Fenghua Liu

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 524, 169364
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.169364

Degradation of a water-in-salt electrolyte at graphite and Na metal electrodes from first principles

Majid Rezaei and Axel Groß

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 640, 236583
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236583

Advances in the use of biomass-derived carbons for sodium-ion batteries

Mei-ci SUN, Shuo-lin QI, Yun-he ZHAO, Chun-xia CHEN, Li-chao TAN, Zhong-li HU, Xiao-liang WU and Wen-li ZHANG

New Carbon Materials, 2025, 40, 1
DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)60953-X

Nickel-Doped Titanium Oxide with the Rutile Structure for High-Performance Sodium Storage

Hiroyuki Usui, Yasuhiro Domi, Yuma Sadamori, Ryuto Tanaka, Takeo Hoshi, Toshiyuki Tanaka and Hiroki Sakaguchi

ACS Mater. Au, 2025, 5, 558
DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.5c00008

Porosity engineering of walnut shell-derived hard carbon via polymer infiltration for efficient Na-ion storage

Hao Pu, WeiJie Chen, BingBing Zhang, Bin Xue, MingZe An, Zhao Yang, XiaoYan Ding, LuLu Shi, Sheng Wang, DeRui Kong, Ning Sun and GuoMin Xu

Diamond and Related Materials, 2026, 164, 113568
DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2026.113568

Overcoming the Trade-Off between Initial Coulombic Efficiency and Rate Performance in Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium-Ion Storage

Zesheng Li, Yufei Gao, Wen Luo, Zian Xu, Jianghua Wu, Yueyang Wang, Kai Zhang, Rouxi Chen, Zhouguang Lu and Hsing-Lin Wang

ACS Nano, 2026, 20, 7589
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5c17936

Reducing defects in hard carbon graphite domain: Employing a fully dynamic bonding with a multi-crosslinked biomass-based binder for enhanced sodium ion storage

Jiaqi Jiao, Han Lu, Conghua Yi, Dongjie Yang, Xuezhi Zeng, Jinxin Lin and Hongqiang Li

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 500, 156878
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.156878

Enhanced performances of mesoporous Na3V2(PO4)3/C microparticles: Insights from morphological and textural characteristics

Sheng-Ming Chang, Chia-Erh Liu, Chun-Chen Yang and Tai-Feng Hung

Electrochimica Acta, 2025, 514, 145678
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2025.145678

Nanoflower-like manganese-cobalt metal phosphides for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

Shijie Li, Yarong Chen, Shixing Peng, Xingyan Wang and Xianyou Wang

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 119, 116303
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.116303

Review on prospective anode materials for sodium ion batteries

Shakina J Selva and M. S. Michael

Ionics, 2026, 32, 1309
DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06872-3

Interface‐Engineered P2‐Type Cathode and Biomass‐Derived Anode for Stable Sodium‐Ion Full Cells

Ebru Dogan, Iqra Moeez, Kyung Yoon Chung, Rawdah Whba, Emine Altin, Messaoud Harfouche, Mesut Karta, Tolga Depci, Radostina Stoyanova, Violeta Koleva, Sevda Sahinbay and Serdar Altin

Advanced Sustainable Systems, 2025
DOI: 10.1002/adsu.202501668

Closed-pore engineering of hard carbon via three-stage pyrolysis toward high initial coulombic efficiency in sodium-ion batteries

Minghui Zhao, Xiaomin Yang, Zihan Yang, Xingqiao Wu, Huan Li, Le Chen, Jingtai Zhao, Wentao Zhang and Jinliang Li

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 526, 171208
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.171208

Recent progress on anode materials and their preparation for use in sodium ion batteries

Mahmood Alhajj and Madzlan Aziz

Particuology, 2025, 107, 339
DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2025.10.017

Spent Graphite—HARD Carbon Composite Anode for Sustainable and High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Dona Susan Baji, Shantikumar Nair and Dhamodaran Santhanagopalan

Advanced Sustainable Systems, 2026, 10
DOI: 10.1002/adsu.202501254

Spatially confined Ni3Se4/C architecture via continuous selenization: dual-role carbon matrix enables ultrahigh-rate lithium storage and reveals sodium-ion transport limitations

Chenhao Zhao, Jianming Fan, Zhibiao Hu and Fengzhang Tu

Ionics, 2025, 31, 12757
DOI: 10.1007/s11581-025-06775-3

Laser-carbonized anodes for sodium-ion batteries: A sustainable fabrication route toward spatially resolved and practical energy storage

Sanghwa Moon, Enis Oğuzhan Eren, Jiyong Kim, Emeline Raguin, Markus Antonietti and Evgeny Senokos

Energy Storage Materials, 2026, 84, 104793
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.104793

Electrochemical energy storage performance of all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors enhanced by MnO2 nanosheets in thick-carbon electrodes based on Chinese fir scraps

Haijun Pan, Jie Ouyang, Tiejun Xia, Chenling Wu and Yongfeng Luo

Journal of Energy Storage, 2025, 106, 114745
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114745

Nitrogen-enriched, hierarchical porous carbon anodes for high-rate and durable sodium storage

Jingxun Chen, Yashan Hu, Zijin Chen, Xiaolin Li, Jieqi Chen, Fengqiang Xie and Zhenghui Li

Chemical Engineering Science, 2025, 305, 121194
DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2025.121194

Regulating the structure of hard carbon derived from industrial waste to boost sodium storage performance

Zhiyong Yang, Pandeng Zhao, Xiangxi He, Qinghang Chen, Yinghao Zhang, Chuangchuang Li, Wenlong Chen, Yaru Liang, Xingqiao Wu and Shulei Chou

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2025, 695, 137701
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2025.137701

Exfoliated coal-derived hard carbon enabling the trade-off between plateau capacity and Fast Na+ kinetics for sodium-ion batteries

Gaoxu Han, Shengle Hao, Yuxin Shi, Wei Lv, Ruitao Lv, Wanci Shen, Feiyu Kang, Deping Xu and Zheng-Hong Huang

Energy Storage Materials, 2026, 86, 104974
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2026.104974

Unveiling the role of lignin in biomass-derived hard carbon anodes via machine learning

Junxiao Li, Yanghao Jin, Kang Sun, Ao Wang, Gaoyue Zhang, Limin Zhou, Weihong Yang, Mengmeng Fan, Jianchun Jiang, Yuming Wen and Shule Wang

Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 631, 236323
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236323

Mechanochemistry induced various surface microstructural transformation in hard/soft carbons for sodium storage

Lingwei Kong, Zhimeng Shen, Dan Zhao, Gaobo Chang, Tingjun Fu, Zhong Li and Hanqing Zhao

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 103, 114439
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.114439

Advances and perspectives of hard carbon anode modulated by defect/hetero elemental engineering for sodium ion batteries

Haihan Zhang, Siyuan Lin, Chengyong Shu, Zexun Tang, Xiaowei Wang, Yuping Wu and Wei Tang

Materials Today, 2025, 85, 231
DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.02.014

Doped hard carbon for potassium-ion batteries: single- to multi-element doping and electrochemical performance optimization

Jin Li, Xinxian Li, Naiteng Wu, Qianqian Tang, Guilong Liu, Xianming Liu and Hongshuai Hou

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2026, 552, 217542
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2025.217542

Nickel-catalyzed synthesis of coffee grounds-derived carbon and its lithium/sodium storage performance

Mengfei Hou, Shengqiang Jiang, Haijie Qiu, Jianping Liao, Chengyun Wang, Manli Cao, Junfa Jiang and Junmin Nan

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2025, 1045, 184676
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.184676

Sodium-ion battery cost projections and their impact on the global energy system transition until 2050

Dominik Keiner, Friedrich Jasper, Dmitrii Bogdanov, Gabriel Lopez, Jens Peters, Manuel Baumann, Christian Breyer and Marcel Weil

Journal of Energy Storage, 2026, 146, 119861
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2025.119861

Scalable hard carbon production for sodium-ion batteries: Integrated precursor selection, thermochemical conversion, and tandem processing

Jian Yin, Danfeng Li, Chen Yang, Hu Zhang, Ruiyao Wu, Rutong Yang, Anjie Liu, Feng Yu, Jiao Yin and Hui Zhu

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2026, 167, 101094
DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101094

Safety of Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Evaluation and Perspective from Component Materials to Cells, Modules, and Packs

Won‐Gwang Lim, Seoa Kim, Erik A. Wu, Darren H. S. Tan, Shawn Peng and Xiaolin Li

Advanced Energy Materials, 2025
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202505016

Microstructure‐Dependent Sodium Storage Mechanisms in Hard Carbon Anodes

Luis Kitsu Iglesias, Samuel D. Marks, Nikhil Rampal, Emma N. Antonio, Rafael Ferreira de Menezes, Liang Zhang, Daniel Olds, Stephen E. Weitzner, Kayla G. Sprenger, Liwen F. Wan and Michael F. Toney

Small, 2025, 21
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202505561

Evaluation of the Impact of Conductive Additives on the EPR Spectra of Hard Carbon Anodes

Wanli Wang, Yujie Xu, Yuqi Li, Yi Sun, Alistair J. Fielding, Pawin Iamprasertkun, Junwei Yang, Bin Wang, Qiang Li, Mingbo Wu and Han Hu

Small Methods, 2026, 10
DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500786

Multiscale Electrochemical–Mechanical Modeling of Hard Carbon Anodes in Na-Ion Batteries

Susmit Kumar Sahu, Ishan Bhat, Mohammed Wasay Mudassir, Naga Neehar Dingari and Sriram Goverapet Srinivasan

ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2026, 9, 2648
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.5c03786