Issue 3, 2024

Alkaline-earth ion stabilized sub-nano-platinum tin clusters for propane dehydrogenation

Abstract

The strong promotion effects of alkali/alkaline earth metals are frequently reported for heterogeneous catalytic processes such as propane dehydrogenation (PDH), but their functioning principles remain elusive. This paper describes the effect of the addition of calcium (Ca) on reducing the deactivation rate of platinum–tin (Pt–Sn) catalyzed PDH from 0.04 h−1 to 0.0098 h−1 at 873 K under a WHSV of 16.5 h−1 of propane. The Pt–Sn–Ca catalyst shows a high propylene selectivity of >96% with a propylene production rate of 41 molC3H6 (gPt h)−1 and ∼1% activity loss after regeneration. The combination of characterization and DFT simulations reveals that Ca acts as a structural promoter favoring the transition of Snn+ in the parent catalyst to Sn0 during reduction, and the latter is an electron donor that increases the electron density of Pt. This greatly suppresses coke formation from deep dehydrogenation. Moreover, it was found that Ca promotes the formation of a highly reactive and sintering-resistant sub-nano Pt–Sn alloy with a diameter of approximately 0.8 nm. These lead to high activity and selectivity for the Pt–Sn–Ca catalyst for PDH.

Graphical abstract: Alkaline-earth ion stabilized sub-nano-platinum tin clusters for propane dehydrogenation

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
17 8 2023
Accepted
05 12 2023
First published
15 12 2023
This article is Open Access

All publication charges for this article have been paid for by the Royal Society of Chemistry
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Chem. Sci., 2024,15, 1046-1050

Alkaline-earth ion stabilized sub-nano-platinum tin clusters for propane dehydrogenation

Z. Lu, R. Luo, S. Chen, D. Fu, G. Sun, Z. Zhao, C. Pei and J. Gong, Chem. Sci., 2024, 15, 1046 DOI: 10.1039/D3SC04310J

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