Issue 13, 2017

Speciation of indium(iii) chloro complexes in the solvent extraction process from chloride aqueous solutions to ionic liquids

Abstract

Most metal extraction studies focus on the kinetics, the maximum loading and the extraction equilibrium, while structural information on the extracted complexes has been limited. This paper concerns the nature of the indium(III) chloride complexes, present in the organic and aqueous phase during the solvent extraction of indium(III) from an aqueous HCl solution by undiluted ionic liquids Cyphos® IL 101 and Aliquat® 336. In an aqueous HCl solution (0–12 M), indium(III) exists as octahedral mixed complexes, [In(H2O)6−nCln]3−n (0 ≤ n ≤ 6). EXAFS and 115In NMR were used to characterize these species. The stoichiometric composition of the extracted complexes, which is estimated from viscosity and maximum loading studies and confirmed by EXAFS, is unaffected by the HCl concentration in the aqueous phase. Indium(III) is present in the ionic liquid phase as the tetrahedral [InCl4] complex. Based on the speciation results an extraction mechanism is proposed.

Graphical abstract: Speciation of indium(iii) chloro complexes in the solvent extraction process from chloride aqueous solutions to ionic liquids

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
19 2 2017
Accepted
08 3 2017
First published
08 3 2017

Dalton Trans., 2017,46, 4412-4421

Speciation of indium(III) chloro complexes in the solvent extraction process from chloride aqueous solutions to ionic liquids

C. Deferm, B. Onghena, T. Vander Hoogerstraete, D. Banerjee, J. Luyten, H. Oosterhof, J. Fransaer and K. Binnemans, Dalton Trans., 2017, 46, 4412 DOI: 10.1039/C7DT00618G

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