Dynamic-dependent selectivity in a bisphosphine iron spin crossover C–H insertion/π-coordination reaction

Abstract

Reaction pathway selectivity is generally controlled by competitive transition states. Organometallic reactions are complicated by the possibility that electronic spin state changes rather than transition states can control the relative rates of pathways, which can be modeled as minimum energy crossing points (MECPs). Here we show that in the reaction between bisphosphine Fe and ethylene involving spin state crossover (singlet and triplet spin states) that neither transition states nor MECPs model pathway selectivity consistent with experiment. Instead, single spin state and mixed spin state quasiclassical trajectories demonstrate nonstatistical intermediates and that C–H insertion versus π-coordination pathway selectivity is determined by the dynamic motion during reactive collisions. This example of dynamic-dependent product outcome provides a new selectivity model for organometallic reactions with spin crossover.