New symmetry-breaking deprotonation reactions of cyclic imides using a chiral lithium amide base

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David J. Adams and Nigel S. Simpkins


Abstract

Treatment of various N-substituted succinimides, possessing additional three-, four- or five-membered ring-fusion, with a mixture of chiral lithium amide base and Me3SiCl, enables enantioselective silylation to give products in up to 95% ee.


References

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  3. We have recently described an enantioselective elimination reaction akin to the process outlined in Scheme 1, see C. D. Jones, N. S. Simpkins and G. M. P. Giblin, Tetrahedron Lett., 1998, 39, 1023 Search PubMed.
  4. The starting imide 5 was prepared via reaction of the corresponding anhydride (J. J. Tufariello, A. S. Milowsky, M. Al-Nuri and S. Goldstein, Tetrahedron Lett., 1987, 28, 267) with aniline, see A. L. J. Beckwith and D. R. Boate, J. Org. Chem., 1988, 53, 4339. See also A. Mustafa, S. M. A. D. Zayed and S. Khattab, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 145 for an alternative synthesis, and ref. 9 Search PubMed.
  5. In the past we have observed increased rates of metallation by addition of LiCl to lithium amides, see for example D. A. Price, N. S. Simpkins, A. M. MacLeod and A. P. Watt, Tetrahedron Lett., 1994, 35, 6159 Search PubMed; B. J. Bunn, N. S. Simpkins, Z. Spavold and M. J. Crimmin, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1993, 3113 CrossRef CAS Recently, little effect of LiCl on the rate of deprotonation of a simple ketone by LDA was observed, see M. Majewski and P. Nowak, Tetrahedron Lett., 1998, 39, 1661 RSC.
  6. These reactions were modelled on analogous substitutions of episulfones that we examined previously, see A. P. Dishington, R. E. Douthwaite, A. Mortlock, A. B. Muccioli and N. S. Simpkins, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1997, 323 Search PubMed.
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  9. For details of the preparation and enantioselective reduction of these types of meso-imide, see M. Ostendorf, R. Romagnoli, I. C. Pereiro, E. C. Roos, M. J. Moolenaar, W. N. Speckamp and H. Hiemstra, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry, 1997, 8, 1773 Search PubMed.
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