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Leaching Li from mixed cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries via carbon thermal reduction

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Combined pyro-hydrometallurgical technology for recovering valuable metal elements from spent lithium-ion batteries: a review of recent developments

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Precise reduction of spent Li-ion battery cathodes and a new phase transition mechanism via self-generated H2 to achieve dual recycling of resources and energy

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Green and economical lithium recovery from spent LiMn2O4 batteries through blue vitriol-driven selective sulfation roasting

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Recycling Co and Li from spent lithium-ion batteries using the silicon of spent photovoltaic panels

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Recycling of Li and Co from spent LiCoO2 cathode materials through a low-temperature urea-assisted sulfation roasting approach

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Sustainable regeneration of a spent layered lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide cathode from a scrapped lithium-ion battery

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From waste to wealth: upcycling spent LiCoO2 batteries into a high-performance Co3O4-graphene modified diaphragm for lithium–sulfur batteries

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Stepwise recycling of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries based on in situ thermal reduction and ultrasonic-assisted water leaching

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A green strategy for the selective recovery of lithium and the synthesis of CoFe2O4 catalyst for CO oxidation from spent lithium-ion batteries

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High-temperature hydrothermal reduction for selective extraction of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries

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A critical review on the advances in thermal reduction technology for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries

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Recent improvements in salt-assisted and microwave-assisted recovery methods for sustainable metal extraction from NCM cathodes in spent lithium-ion batteries: a review

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Supercritical CO2 extraction of critical and strategic metals: a review of mechanisms, factors and application

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Ecofriendly recycling of critical metal from secondary resources via molten salt electrolysis

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A facile new process for the efficient conversion of spent LiFePO4 batteries via (NH4)2S2O8-assisted mechanochemical activation coupled with water leaching

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For regenerated graphite: Tailoring sub-surface architecture with strong pre-storage abilities towards high-rate properties

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Critical review on sustainable recycling approach of spent LiNixCoyMnzO2 materials

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Efficient and selective lithium extraction from spent cathode materials by stepwise reduction and process regulation mechanism

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Selective lithium recovery and regeneration of ternary cathode from spent lithium-ion batteries: Mixed HCl-H2SO4 leaching-spray pyrolysis approach

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Water-aerosol-assisted roasting for selective lithium extraction from spent lithium-ion batteries

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Management strategies and recycling technologies: Lessons learned and roadmap for sustainable circular battery waste management in Saudi Arabia

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Electrochemical Approach for Lithium Recovery from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: Opportunities and Challenges

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Critical Review of Thermal Reduction Processes for Sustainable Recovery of Valuable Metals From Cathode Materials in Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries

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Green transformation of lithium-ion battery recycling: Toward a sustainable and low-carbon circular economy

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Enhanced selective lithium extraction and regeneration of spent LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 through carbon–sulfur composite roasting

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Co-recycling of LiCoO2 and LiFePO4 enabled by self-redox reactions and electrochemical mediation

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Journal of Power Sources, 2025, 653, 237720
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Upcycling Mixed Spent Ni-Lean Cathodes into Ni-Rich Polycrystalline Cathodes

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Toward Sustainable Lithium Iron Phosphate in Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Regeneration Strategies and Their Challenges

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A comprehensive review of the recovery of spent lithium-ion batteries with molten salt method: Progress, shortcomings and prospects

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Smart and Sustainable Regeneration of Fouled Desalination Membranes Using Artificial Intelligence

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Efficient extraction of metals from industrial-scale pyrolytic spent LIBs materials using a leaching process without external reductants

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Two-phase conversion process of ethylene glycol and the mechanism of synergistic extraction of lithium in subcritical water system

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Selective extraction of lithium from industrially produced pyrolytic black powder: Thermodynamic and kinetic studies

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Directly Repairing LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Through LiNO3-KCl Eutectic Molten Salt

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Halometallurgy: Reduction of Battery Cathode Materials under a Quasi-Inert Environment of Alkali Chloride Salts

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Green recycling of spent LiCoO2 cathodes using a water-based deep eutectic solvent

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Precise and controlled carbothermal reduction for selective lithium extraction from spent cathodes via double-enhancement process

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Life After Death: Re‐Purposing End‐of‐Life Supercapacitors for Electrochemical Water Desalination

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Emerging Strategies for Sustainable Holistic Recycling of Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries

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Advances in lithium-ion battery recycling: Strategies, pathways, and technologies

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Recovery of lithium from spent Lithium-Ion batteries using Lewis acidic Manganous chloride

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Efficient recycling strategies for spent graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries

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Pre-extraction of Li from spent lithium-ion batteries through an Ethanol-Water vapor thermal reduction approach

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Reimagining lithium-ion batteries end-of-life: Upcycling for high-value cathode materials futures

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CaCl2-assisted roasting for high-efficiency lithium extraction and fluorine stabilization in LFP battery recycling

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Transforming waste into value: Selective lithium extraction and synthesis of efficient OER catalyst from spent LiMn2O4 cathode material via oxidative leaching

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Research and application mechanism of chlorination roasting for polymetallic minerals and waste

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Scalable and Sustainable Cathode Regeneration from Blended Spent Batteries into Stable Lithium‐Rich Manganese‐Based Cathodes

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NaOH-Assisted Roasting for Corecovery of Spent LiFePO4 and LiCoO2 Batteries

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Recent progress on sustainable recycling of spent lithium-ion battery: Efficient and closed-loop regeneration strategies for high-capacity layered NCM cathode materials

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Upcycling and recycling of spent battery waste for a sustainable future: Progress and perspectives

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Biomass-assisted vacuum ex-situ reduction process: Realizing the selective recovery and closed-loop utilization of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries

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Fast ammonium sulfate salt assisted roasting for selectively recycling degraded LiFePO4 cathode

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Recycling of spent lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides via sulfuric acid Roasting: Revealing the Product evolution mechanism

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The Le Chatelier's principle enables closed loop regenerating ternary cathode materials for spent lithium-ion batteries

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Recycling spent Li-ion batteries into functional nanomaterials for energy systems

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Synergistic hydrometallurgical recycling of Li-ion battery cathode active material, anode copper and waste SmCo magnets

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Upcycling Degraded LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 to Highly Stable Single-Crystalline Cathode Materials through Molten Salt-Assisted Reconstruction

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ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2025, 13, 14483
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Quaternized Poly(ether sulfone) Coupled LiMn1.9Cr0.1O4@Carbon Cloth for High-Performance Membrane Capacitive Li-Extraction

Guiying Tian, Minrui Wang, Kang Yao, Ziruo Ren, Jun Xiang, Yiming Xiao, Lei Zhang, Penggao Cheng, Jianping Zhang and Na Tang

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2025, 13, 299
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A high-efficiency and low-carbon strategy for selective lithium recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries: Combining mechanochemical activation with biomass reduction roasting

Tianning Lin, Jianquan Liang, Shan Jin, Deying Mu, Shuting Sun, Chen Liu, Yongkui Ning, Jixuan Song, Li Zhao and Changsong Dai

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Recent advances in preferentially selective Li recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries: A review

Qian Cheng, Ze Wang, Yue Wang, Jun-Tao Li and Haiyan Fu

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2024, 12, 112903
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A comprehensive approach for the recycling of anode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries: Separation, lithium recovery, and graphite reutilization as environmental catalyst

Yanhui Kong, Yutaro Takaya, Mauricio Córdova-Udaeta and Chiharu Tokoro

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Revealing the delithiation process of spent LiMn2O4 and LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 batteries during the biomass-assisted gasthermal and carbothermal reduction

Fengyin Zhou, Jianye Ma, Hongya Wang, Muya Cai, Xin Qu, Jingjing Zhao, Danfeng Wang, Yuqi Cai, Dihua Wang and Huayi Yin

Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024, 477, 135304
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Green and efficient extraction of lithium from cathode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries: Technological progress and recycling pathways

Liubing Song, Qihai Yang, Tingting Zhao, Yinjie Kuang, Lixia Chen, Zheng Yang, Jie Jiang and Qunxuan Yan

Journal of Energy Storage, 2026, 153, 120876
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Gas-solid reaction-based selective lithium leaching strategy for efficient LiFePO4 recycling

Kyoung Sun Kim, Min Ku Jeon, Sung-Wook Kim, Hyunkyung Choi, Young Rang Uhm, Sooyeon Hwang, Seokjae Hong, Dongju Lee, Seung-Ho Yu and Hyungsub Kim

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 505, 159339
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Efficient direct regeneration of spent LiFePO4 by low-temperature sintering

Hong-lei SONG, Zhi-xing WANG, Xin-hai LI, Hua-jun GUO, Wen-jie PENG, Zhi-liang YAN, Cheng-hui ZHENG, Jian-qiu LI, Jie-xi WANG and Guo-chun YAN

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2025, 35, 2421
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Non-destructive approach for upcycling the cathode of spent lithium-ion batteries: Combined with the efficient treatment of organic wastewater

Shuangjie Lin, Bo Niu, Xiuding Shi, Junming Hong, Rou Tan and Jiefeng Xiao

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Ultra-fast mechanochemistry reaction process: An environmentally friendly instant recycling method for spent LiFePO4 batteries

Zejian Liu, Gongqi Liu, Leilei Cheng, Jing Gu, Jialiang Yang, Haoran Yuan, Yong Chen and Yufeng Wu

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Fast ion conductor regulated lithium replenishment pathway facilitating direct regeneration of degraded layered cathodes

Hao Xu, Xiaoming Qiu, Huijun Li, Kaiquan Zhang and Xiaomin Wang

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026, 527, 171785
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Extraction of organic solvents and preferential recovery of lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries by in-situ carbothermal reduction

Jian Zou, Ruihan Zhang, Yali Zhang, Linlin Chen, Yaoguo Huang and Xianfu Sun

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Synthesis of Y-doped LiNi1/3Co1/3−xMn1/3YxO2 spheres with improved lithium storage

Lin Li, Jiahao Zhang, Hao Zheng, Shiquan Wang, Hongying Liu and Shui-Jin Yang

Ionics, 2024, 30, 1925
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Yttrium doping Li+ Ion-Sieve porous Fluorinated hydrogel adsorbents for enhanced selective lithium recovery

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Preferential lithium extraction and simultaneous ternary cathode precursor synthesis from spent lithium-Ion batteries using a spray pyrolysis-based process

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Sustainable management strategies for spent Li-ion batteries: cascade utilization, recycling, and regeneration

Ning Cao, Yang Zhang, Longfei Du, Xin Gu and Mingbo Wu

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Sustainable recovery of critical metals from spent lithium-ion batteries using chitosan as biosorbent in citrate-sulfate media: A comprehensive isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic analysis

Melina Roshanfar, Majid Sartaj and Siamak Kazemeini

Journal of Environmental Management, 2025, 375, 124400
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Improved recovery of cathode materials and enhanced lithium selective extraction from spent LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 batteries via CaCl2-assisted microwave roasting

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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2024, 12, 112037
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Molten salt-mediated closed-loop recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries: mechanisms, materials regeneration, and sustainable prospects

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A reagent closed loop for recovering lithium from spent LiFePO4 by oxygen-Na2SO4 co-assisted roasting

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From Spent Batteries to Green Hydrogen: Catalytic Upcycling of Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes for Water Electrolysis

Min Wang, Liming Lei, Cenkai Zhao, Ning Cao, Kunye Zhang, Jiexin Zou, Ling Chen, Hao Jiang and Mingbo Wu

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Prioritized Lithium Extraction From Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries via Low‐Temperature Chlorination Mediated by Seawater‐Derived Chlorides

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