Hollow carbon spheres, synthesis and applications – a review

Sijin Li, Andreea Pasc, Vanessa Fierro and Alain Celzard

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016, 4, 12686
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One-pot synthesis of N-doped carbon dots with tunable luminescence properties

Yan-Qing Zhang, De-Kun Ma, Yan Zhuang, Xi Zhang, Wei Chen, Li-Li Hong, Qing-Xian Yan, Kang Yu and Shao-Ming Huang

J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 16714
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Heteropolyacid-assisted fabrication of carbon nanostructures under ambient conditions

Zhenhui Kang, Yang Liu, Chi Him A. Tsang, Dorothy Duo Duo Ma, Enbo Wang and Shuit-Tong Lee

Chem. Commun., 2009, 413
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Low-temperature rapid synthesis of high-quality pristine or boron-doped graphene via Wurtz-type reductive coupling reaction

Xujie Lü, Jianjun Wu, Tianquan Lin, Dongyun Wan, Fuqiang Huang, Xiaoming Xie and Mianheng Jiang

J. Mater. Chem., 2011, 21, 10685
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Microbubble effect-assisted electrolytic synthesis of hollow carbon spheres from CO2

Bowen Deng, Xuhui Mao, Wei Xiao and Dihua Wang

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, 5, 12822
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Thin-walled, mesoporous and nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres using ionic liquids as precursors

Aibing Chen, Yifeng Yu, Haijun Lv, Yanyan Wang, Shufeng Shen, Yongqi Hu, Bo Li, Yue Zhang and Jian Zhang

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013, 1, 1045
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Hollow carbon spheres with a controllable shell structure

Fabing Su, X. S. Zhao, Yong Wang, Likui Wang and Jim Yang Lee

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A low temperature bottom-up approach for the synthesis of few layered graphene nanosheets via C–C bond formation using a modified Ullmann reaction

Sandesh Y. Sawant, Rajesh S. Somani, Moo Hwan Cho and Hari C. Bajaj

RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 46589
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Erythrocyte-like hollow carbon capsules and their application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Jung Ho Kim and Jong-Sung Yu

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010, 12, 15301
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Formation of Flower-Like Carbon Nanosheet Aggregations and Their Electrochemical Application

Jian-Min Shen and Yi-Tao Feng

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2008, 112, 13114
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Synthesis of porous silica structures with hollow interiors by templating nanosized calcium carbonate

Jian-Feng Chen, Jie-Xin Wang, Run-Jing Liu, Lei Shao and Li-Xiong Wen

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2004, 7, 447
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Synthesis of a mesoporous silica hollow microsphere using polyvinyl alcohol

N. Venkatathri

Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2008, 28, 1260
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A facile and eco-friendly fluorometric method for the determination of methotrexate and folic acid in biological samples based on hollow luminescent carbon dots and chemometrics method

Motahareh Alimohammadi, Javad Tashkhourian, Sara Mostafapour and Mojtaba Shamsipur

ANAL. SCI., 2023, 39, 1455
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Fabrication of size-controllable hollow nano-spheres based on polyimides composites

Jing Jing, Shujiang Ding, Chengliang Zhang, Chunhai Chen, Xianhua Rao, Guodong Dang, Zhenzhong Yang and Hongwei Zhou

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2009, 116, 330
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Synthesis of Few-Layered Graphene Nanoballs with Copper Cores Using Solid Carbon Source

Sanggeun Lee, Juree Hong, Ja Hoon Koo, Hyonik Lee, Seulah Lee, Taejin Choi, Hanearl Jung, Bonwoong Koo, Jusang Park, Hyungjun Kim, Young-Woon Kim and Taeyoon Lee

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2013, 5, 2432
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Curly Graphene with Specious Interlayers Displaying Superior Capacity for Hydrogen Storage

Ali Eftekhari and Parvaneh Jafarkhani

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2013, 117, 25845
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A simple route for the synthesis of coral-like accretion of hollow carbon microspheres with thin walls

Jianmin Shen, Jiangying Li, Zhen Huang, Qian Chen, Shuyuan Zhang and Yitai Qian

Carbon, 2006, 44, 2171
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Synthesis of multi-shell carbon microspheres

Jianmin Shen, Jiangying Li, Qian Chen, Tao Luo, Weichao Yu and Yitai Qian

Carbon, 2006, 44, 190
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Hollow SiO2 Microspheres Produced by Coating Yeast Cells

Daniel Weinzierl, Anke Lind and Werner Kunz

Crystal Growth & Design, 2009, 9, 2318
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A Novel Route for Preparation of Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Without Introducing Template

Minmin Li, Qingsheng Wu, Ming Wen and Jianlin Shi

Nanoscale Res Lett, 2009, 4
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Synthesis and characterization of graphitic carbon with hollow structures

Quan JIN, Chun-lin XIE, Yong-jian WU and Ying-liang LIU

New Carbon Materials, 2012, 27, 123
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Synthesis of hollow carbon nanospheres through a ZnSe nanoparticle template route

B.Y. Geng, J.Z. Ma, Q.B. Du, X.W. Liu and L.D. Zhang

Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2007, 466, 96
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Cobalt–Carbon Spheres: Pyrolysis of Dicobalthexacarbonyl‐Functionalized Poly(p‐phenyleneethynylene)s

S. Scholz, P. J. Leech, B. C. Englert, W. Sommer, M. Weck and U. H. F. Bunz

Advanced Materials, 2005, 17, 1052
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Synthesis of hollow spherical calcium phosphate nanoparticles using polymeric nanotemplates

Wiliana Tjandra, Palaniswamy Ravi, Jia Yao and Kam C Tam

Nanotechnology, 2006, 17, 5988
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Porous carbon and carbon composite hollow spheres

Shujiang Ding, Chengliang Zhang, Xiaozhong Qu, Jiguang Liu, Yunfeng Lu and Zhenzhong Yang

Colloid Polym Sci, 2008, 286, 1093
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A Facile Approach for the Synthesis of Uniform Hollow Carbon Nanospheres

Guangda Li, Chunli Guo, Changhui Sun, Zhicheng Ju, Lishan Yang, Liqiang Xu and Yitai Qian

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2008, 112, 1896
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Direct Synthesis of Multicolor Fluorescent Hollow Carbon Spheres Encapsulating Enriched Carbon Dots

Qiao-Ling Chen, Wen-Qing Ji and Su Chen

Sci Rep, 2016, 6
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Mesoporous Carbon Nanocapsules from Enzymatically Polymerized Poly(4‐ethylphenol) Confined in Silica Aerosol Particles

T. Zheng, J. Zhan, J. Pang, G. S. Tan, J. He, G. L. McPherson, Y. Lu and V. T. John

Advanced Materials, 2006, 18, 2735
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The Controlled Synthesis of Carbon Tubes and Rods by Template-Assisted Twin Polymerization

Falko Böttger-Hiller, Patrick Kempe, Gisela Baumann, Michael Hietschold, Philipp Schäfer, Dietrich R. T. Zahn, Albrecht Petzold, Thomas Thurn-Albrecht and Stefan Spange

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2013, 2013, 1
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Sphere-To-Tube Transition toward Nanotube Formation: A Universal Route by Inverse Plateau–Rayleigh Instability

Long Ma, Jing Peng, Changzheng Wu, Linghui He and Yong Ni

ACS Nano, 2017, 11, 2928
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Hollow spherical La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 perovskite oxide with enhanced catalytic activities for the oxygen reduction reaction

Fanliang Lu, Jing Sui, Jianmin Su, Chao Jin, Ming Shen and Ruizhi Yang

Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 271, 55
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Simple Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Carbon Hollow Structures

Mingtao Zheng, Yingliang Liu, Shuai Zhao, Wenqi He, Yong Xiao and Dingsheng Yuan

Inorg. Chem., 2010, 49, 8674
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Carbonization and Activation of Lignocellulosic Biomass in Liquid Phase at Sub-200 °C Temperatures

Rashidat Bamidele and Michal Marszewski

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2025, 13, 3010
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A low temperature reduction of CCl4 to solid and hollow carbon nanospheres using metallic sodium

Mohammad Choucair, Matthew R. Hill and John A. Stride

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2015, 154, 38
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Synthesis and characterization of hollow glass–ceramics microspheres

Nan Xu, Jinhui Dai, Zhibin Zhu, Xiang Huang and Pingwei Wu

Composites Science and Technology, 2012, 72, 528
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Activation of peroxydisulfate for selective degradation of organic pollutants using magnetic acetylene black in sp2 configuration: Synthesis, performance, and mechanism

Fengkai Yang, Chenlin Hou, Liang Sun, Jinlong Yang, Tianxing Chen, Lipeng Wang, Xiaowei Kong and Yang Zhang

Separation and Purification Technology, 2025, 362, 131737
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A self-generated template route to hollow carbon nanospheres in a short time

Guifu Zou, Dabin Yu, Jun Lu, Debao Wang, Changlong Jiang and Yitai Qian

Solid State Communications, 2004, 131, 749
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Synthesis of hollow glass-ceramics microspheres via template method

Nan Xu, Jinhui Dai, Jintao Tian, Xin Ao, Leiyan Shi, Xiang Huang and Zhibin Zhu

Materials Research Bulletin, 2011, 46, 92
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Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanostructures by the Reactions of Small Molecule Carbon Halides with Sodium Azide

Changzheng Wu, Qixun Guo, Ping Yin, Tanwei Li, Qing Yang and Yi Xie

J. Phys. Chem. B, 2005, 109, 2597
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Synthesis of carbon nanospheres from carbon-based network polymers

S. Xu, X. B. Yan, X. L. Wang, S. R. Yang and Q. J. Xue

J Mater Sci, 2010, 45, 2619
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Preparation of hollow carbon nanospheres at low temperature via new reaction route

Youbao Ni, Mingwang Shao, Yanhua Tong, Guixiang Qian and Xianwen Wei

Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2005, 178, 908
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Phenolic Resin and Derived Carbon Hollow Spheres

Mu Yang, Jin Ma, Shujiang Ding, Zhaokai Meng, Jinge Liu, Tong Zhao, Lanqun Mao, Yi Shi, Xigao Jin, Yunfeng Lu and Zhenzhong Yang

Macro Chemistry & Physics, 2006, 207, 1633
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Synthesis of hollow carbon spheres by one convenient method

Pei-jun Cai and Li Feng

Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2008, 108, 1
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Oxidation of acetylene black by nitric acid in hermetically sealed condition

Jingjing Tang, Juan Yang, Xiangyang Zhou, Jing Xie and Guanghui Chen

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2014, 193, 54
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Synthesis of submicron size hollow carbon spheres by a chemical reduction — solvothermal method using carbon tetrachloride as carbon source

Sandesh Y. Sawant, Rajesh S. Somani, Bharat L. Newalkar, Nettem V. Choudary and Hari C. Bajaj

Materials Letters, 2009, 63, 2339
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Solid-state dechlorination pathway for the synthesis of few layered functionalized carbon nanosheets and their greenhouse gas adsorptivity over CO and N2

Sandesh Y. Sawant, Rajesh S. Somani, Sangita S. Sharma and Hari C. Bajaj

Carbon, 2014, 68, 210
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Partially graphitized carbon filaments from as-synthesized silica/surfactant composite

Ye Zhang, Gang Hu, Dermot O’Hare, Dong Wu and Yuhan Sun

Carbon, 2006, 44, 1969
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Synthesis of hollow carbon nano-onions and their use for electrochemical hydrogen storage

Chenguang Zhang, Jiajun Li, Enzuo Liu, Chunnian He, Chunsheng Shi, Xiwen Du, Robert H. Hauge and Naiqin Zhao

Carbon, 2012, 50, 3513
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Controllable Route to Solid and Hollow Monodisperse Carbon Nanospheres

Yan Li, Jiafu Chen, Qun Xu, Linghao He and Zhimin Chen

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113, 10085
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Synthesis and characterization of TiO2/C Janus composite particles and its photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B

Haibin Huang, Qinhui Chen, Junhui He, Longhui Zheng, Baoling Chen and Jinhuo Lin

Colloid Polym Sci, 2014, 292, 3085
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Formation of Colloidal CuO Nanocrystallites and Their Spherical Aggregation and Reductive Transformation to Hollow Cu2O Nanospheres

Yu Chang, Joong Jiat Teo and Hua Chun Zeng

Langmuir, 2005, 21, 1074
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Hollow nitrogen-doped carbon microspheres pyrolyzed from self-polymerized dopamine and its application in simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid, ascorbic acid and dopamine

Chunhui Xiao, Xiaochen Chu, Yan Yang, Xing Li, Xiaohua Zhang and Jinhua Chen

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2011, 26, 2934
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Synthesis of carbon hollow spheres and particles from CCl4 and Mo

Chun-Hsiung Chien, Pei-Sun Sheng, Chia-Hsin Wang, Chih-Hao Huang, Huang-Kai Lin, Chi-Young Lee and Hsin-Tien Chiu

Materials Letters, 2008, 62, 1176
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Hollow graphitic carbon nanospheres: synthesis and properties

Cheng Zhang, Gaurang Bhargava, Michael D. Elwell, Sukesh Parasher, Bing Zhou, Douglas Yates, Isabel Knoke, Ioannis Neitzel and Yury Gogotsi

J Mater Sci, 2014, 49, 1947
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Low temperature solvothermal synthesis of crumpled carbon nanosheets

Qin Kuang, Su-Yuan Xie, Zhi-Yuan Jiang, Xian-Hua Zhang, Zhao-Xiong Xie, Rong-Bin Huang and Lan-Sun Zheng

Carbon, 2004, 42, 1737
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Synthesis and characterization of hollow glass–ceramics microspheres

Nan Xu, Jinhui Dai, Zhibin Zhu, Xiang Huang and Pingwei Wu

Ceramics International, 2011, 37, 2663
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High-voltage electric-field-induced growth of aligned “cow-nipple-like” submicro-nano carbon isomeric structure via chemical vapor deposition

Chengwei Liao, Yupeng Zhang and Chunxu Pan

Journal of Applied Physics, 2012, 112
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A simple solution route to assemble three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanotube networks

ChangZheng Wu, Wei Luo, Bo Ning and Yi Xie

Sci. Bull., 2009, 54, 1894
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Electronic Structure of Hollow Graphitic Carbon Nanoparticles Fabricated from Acetylene Carbon Black

Bogdan Ilkiv, Svitlana Petrovska, Ruslan Sergiienko, Oleksandr Foya, Oleksandra Ilkiv, Etsuro Shibata, Takashi Nakamura and Yaroslav Zaulychnyy

Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 2015, 23, 449
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Hollow carbon spheres with wide size distribution as anode catalyst support for direct methanol fuel cells

Zhenhai Wen, Qiang Wang, Qian Zhang and Jinghong Li

Electrochemistry Communications, 2007, 9, 1867
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Carbon spheres

Amit A. Deshmukh, Sabelo D. Mhlanga and Neil J. Coville

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports, 2010, 70, 1
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Low temperature fabrication of hollow carbon nanospheres over Ni/Al2O3 by the catalytic method

Haipeng Li, Naiqin Zhao, Chunnian He, Chunsheng Shi, Xiwen Du and Jiajun Li

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2008, 465, 387
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Formation of hollow NiO single crystals and Ag/NiO flowers

Fei Teng, Tongguang Xu, Youfei Zheng, Shuhui Liang, Bulgen Gochoo, Xiaohua Gu, Ruilong Zong, Wenqing Yao and Yongfa Zhu

Materials Research Bulletin, 2008, 43, 3562
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