Layered double hydroxides and their derivatives for lithium–sulfur batteries

Abstract

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are recognized as one of the most promising candidates for lithium-metal batteries due to the high theoretical specific capacity of both the Li metal anode (3860 mA h g⁻¹) and S cathode (1675 mA h g⁻¹), as well as the low cost of S. Unfortunately, the actual applications of Li–S batteries are severely limited by the capacity decay, poor coulombic efficiency and short cycle life. Recently, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have drawn great attention in Li–S batteries due to their unique 2D confined structure and catalysis properties. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in LDHs and their derivatives for Li–S batteries, including the direct use of LDHs in S cathodes, separators, and Li-metal anodes, as well as the application of LDH derivatives in Li–S batteries (such as metal sulfides, nitrides, phosphides and porous carbons). Moreover, we also review the existing challenges and potential research on the applications of LDHs in Li–S batteries.