A renaissance of ligand-to-metal charge transfer by cerium photocatalysis

With the flourishing progress of photochemistry, many electron transfer mechanisms have been developed to explain the interactions of intermediates, such as MLCT, LMCT, and PCET. Diverse alcohols, serving as substrates or co-catalysts, and Ce(IV) achieve photoinduced LMCT to generate highly active alkoxy radicals, which opens a new avenue for many difficult HAT reactions. It's believed that more valuable applications of LMCTs will be developed in the future.