Issue 23, 2022

High performance supercapacitors based on wood-derived thick carbon electrodes synthesized via green activation process

Abstract

Electrical double-layer supercapacitors are a type of electrochemical energy devices that are promising for next-generation energy storage, while they still suffer from great challenges of inferior energy density and poor tolerance to harsh conditions toward practical applications. Herein, by designing a thick carbon electrode with an ultrahigh mass loading (∼40 mg cm−2) from carbonization and activation of basswood, a supercapacitor is able to operate under harsh conditions such as fast charge/discharge rates (100 mA cm−2), ultralong cycle life (≥50 000 cycles), and ultralow temperature (−40 °C). The carbon electrodes inherit the vertical channels of basswood, which enhance the penetration and mass transport of electrolyte ions; they also possess rational micro/meso-sized pores and oxygen-containing functional groups induced by H2O2 activation, which improve the ion transport kinetics of electrodes. As a consequence, the assembled supercapacitor achieves appreciable capacitive performance even with ultrahigh mass loading and at ultralow temperatures, which delivers a specific capacitance of 6205.7 mF cm−2 (221.6 F g−1 and 77.6 F cm−3) and 4886.4 mF cm−2 (174.5 F g−1, 61.1 F cm−3) at ambient temperature and −40 °C, respectively. In addition, the device presents an ultralong working lifetime in harsh environments evidenced by a capacitance retention of 90.6% even after 70 000 cycles at −40 °C. Benefiting from the renewable precursor, green activation process, and encouraging capacitive performances, the H2O2-activated wood-derived carbon monoliths will be promising high mass-loading electrodes for developing supercapacitors working at ultralow temperatures.

Graphical abstract: High performance supercapacitors based on wood-derived thick carbon electrodes synthesized via green activation process

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Research Article
Submitted
05 सितम्बर 2022
Accepted
07 अक्तूबर 2022
First published
10 अक्तूबर 2022

Inorg. Chem. Front., 2022,9, 6108-6123

High performance supercapacitors based on wood-derived thick carbon electrodes synthesized via green activation process

B. Yan, L. Feng, J. Zheng, Q. Zhang, S. Jiang, C. Zhang, Y. Ding, J. Han, W. Chen and S. He, Inorg. Chem. Front., 2022, 9, 6108 DOI: 10.1039/D2QI01914K

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