Implantable neural electrodes: from preparation optimization to application

Beilin Zhang, Ruijie Xie, Jiamin Jiang, Shiping Hao, Bin Fang, Jiaxin Zhang, Hua Bai, Bo Peng, Lin Li, Zhiyuan Liu and Li Fu

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 6550
DOI: 10.1039/D2TC05162A

Anisotropic conductive scaffolds for post-infarction cardiac repair

Shimin Li, Wenming Yin, Yali Liu, Chang Yang, Zitong Zhai, Mingxiang Xie, Ziyi Ye and Xiaoping Song

Biomater. Sci., 2025, 13, 542
DOI: 10.1039/D4BM01109K

Biomimetic cell culture for cell adhesive propagation for tissue engineering strategies

Qiuchen Luo, Keyuan Shang, Jing Zhu, Zhaoying Wu, Tiefeng Cao, Abeer Ahmed Qaed Ahmed, Chixiang Huang and Lin Xiao

Mater. Horiz., 2023, 10, 4662
DOI: 10.1039/D3MH00849E

3D Coaxially Printing rGO Aerogel-Based Biocompatible Fiber for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Jingxiang Zhang, Zhongyang Liu, Jing Wang, Yang Zhang, Jiaqi Dong, Jianpeng Gao, Licheng Zhang, Jizeng Wang, Peifu Tang and Qiangqiang Zhang

Adv. Fiber Mater., 2024, 6, 713
DOI: 10.1007/s42765-023-00352-x

Polydopamine-coated polycaprolactone/carbon nanotube fibrous scaffolds loaded with basic fibroblast growth factor for wound healing

Dapeng Cui, Wei Guo, Jing Chang, Shuang Fan, Xiaochen Bai, Lei Li, Chen Yang, Chuanlin Wang, Ming Li and Jiandong Fei

Materials Today Bio, 2024, 28, 101190
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101190

Conductive polyphenol microneedles coupled with electroacupuncture to accelerate wound healing and alleviate depressive-like behaviors in diabetes

Yue Hou, Xiaochuan Guo, Jinhui Ran, Xiong Lu and Chaoming Xie

Bioactive Materials, 2025, 44, 516
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.11.001

Advances in Large Gap Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair and Regeneration with Bridging Nerve Guidance Conduits

Shang Wu, Wen Shen, Xuemei Ge, Fen Ao, Yan Zheng, Yigang Wang, Xiaoni Jia, Yueyang Mao and Yali Luo

Macromolecular Bioscience, 2023, 23
DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300078

Hybrid construction of tissue-engineered nerve graft using skin derived precursors induced neurons and Schwann cells to enhance peripheral neuroregeneration

Qi Guo, Hui Zhu, Xi Xu, Tianyi Huang, Yulin Pan, Xiaosong Gu, Shusen Cui and Chengbin Xue

Materials Today Bio, 2024, 28, 101196
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101196

Anisotropic nanorod-integrated magneto-mechano-electric cascade system for neural electrical stimulation

Dan Wei, Xurui Zhao, Mingze Zeng, Rong Li, Wei Zhang, Alina Urakova, Jie Ding, Chengheng Wu, Jing Sun, Roman V. Chernozem and Hongsong Fan

Acta Biomaterialia, 2026, 209, 452
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2025.11.007

Biomimetic Versatile Anisotropic, Electroactive Cellulose Hydrogel Scaffolds Tailored from Fern Stem Serving as Nerve Conduit and Cardiac Patch

Qinghui Liang, Shuhui Chen, Shaofeng Hua, Weihong Jiang, Jiamian Zhan, Chunyi Pu, Rurong Lin, Yutong He, Honghao Hou and Xiaozhong Qiu

Advanced Science, 2025, 12
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400002

Biomimetic Hydrogel Applications and Challenges in Bone, Cartilage, and Nerve Repair

Yanbing Gao, Xiaobo Zhang and Haiyu Zhou

Pharmaceutics, 2023, 15, 2405
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102405

Bioinks used in the repair of nerve injury in vivo

Luyao Wang, Xiaolei Zhou, Shengchao Wang, Feng Wen, Ihsan Ullah, Wenju Zhang, Xu Gao, Bing Song, Zhifeng You and Huaqiong Li

Progress in Materials Science, 2026, 158, 101643
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2025.101643

Peripheral nerve injury repair by electrical stimulation combined with graphene-based scaffolds

Yuanyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Shiqi Kang, Daokuan Sun, Yufeng Liu, Xin Wang and Laijin Lu

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 2024, 12
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1345163

Application of PGCL/AP conductive composite scaffold combined with electrical stimulation in neural tissue engineering

Longchuan Zhu, Hongye Yan, Hongru Li, Su Pan, Hanwen Yang, Zhe Zhu and Zhiping Qi

J Biol Eng, 2026, 20
DOI: 10.1186/s13036-026-00620-5

Hydrogel-based piezoelectric materials and devices for implantable bioelectronics

Saswat Choudhury, Zhong Lin Wang and Sang-Woo Kim

Biomaterials, 2026, 327, 123768
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123768

Advances in electroactive bioscaffolds for repairing spinal cord injury

Zeqi Liu, Jiahui Lai, Dexin Kong, Yannan Zhao, Jiakang Zhao, Jianwu Dai and Mingming Zhang

Biomed. Mater., 2024, 19, 032005
DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/ad4079

Reduced Graphene Oxide Fibers Combined with Electrical Stimulation Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Yuanyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Cheng Lu, Daokuan Sun, Shiqi Kang, Xin Wang and Laijin Lu

IJN, 2024, Volume 19, 2341
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S449160

Effect of electrical stimulation generated by self-powered systems for tissue repair

Mengnan Chai, Yufan Li, Yubao Li, Yi Zuo and Jidong Li

Acta Biomaterialia, 2025, 201, 1
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2025.05.047

CP/HA/HGF Conductive Composite Scaffolds with Synergistic Electrical Stimulation for Nerve Regeneration

Yahao Ma, Cong Wang, Jun Li, Pengfei Xie, Longyou Xiao, Seeram Ramakrishna, Nuan Chen, Xiaoying Wang and Liumin He

Macromolecular Bioscience, 2025, 25
DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202400265

Strategies for promoting neurovascularization in bone regeneration

Xin-Ling Li, Yu-Qing Zhao, Li Miao, Yan-Xin An, Fan Wu, Jin-Yu Han, Jing-Yuan Han, Franklin R. Tay, Zhao Mu, Yang Jiao and Jing Wang

Military Med Res, 2025, 12
DOI: 10.1186/s40779-025-00596-1

Biodegradable Piezoelectric Amino Acid Nerve Guidance Conduit Repairs Long‐Gap Nerve Defect Under Low Frequency Vibration from Massage Gun

Genglin Chen, Quanhong Hu, Chuyu Tang, Songjing Zhong, Shaobo Wang, Zhuoheng Jiang, Shuncheng Yao, Qinyu Zhao and Linlin Li

Adv Funct Materials, 2026, 36
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202510947

Application of biomimetic approaches in the treatment of neurological disorders

Jiangjin Sun, Hang Li, Jianfu Wang and Wei Yang

Materials Today Bio, 2025, 35, 102334
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102334

Review of Piezoelectrical Materials Potentially Useful for Peripheral Nerve Repair

Diogo Casal, Maria Casimiro, Luís Ferreira, João Leal, Gabriela Rodrigues, Raquel Lopes, Diogo Moura, Luís Gonçalves, João Lago, Diogo Pais and Pedro Santos

Biomedicines, 2023, 11, 3195
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123195

Neuroregenerative Potential of Astragalus microcephalus‐Derived Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Sciatic Nerve Injury

Fatemeh Gholivand, Abolfazl Bayrami, Fariba Mahmoudi, Shima Rahim Pouran, Fatemeh Asghari and Pouya Bayrami

J Biomed Mater Res, 2026, 114
DOI: 10.1002/jbmb.70021

Dual-regulation biomimetic composite nerve scaffold with oriented structure and conductive function for skin peripheral nerve injury repair

Jinzhi Liu, Zhiyuan Lin, Huanyou Wu, Jianming Zhang, Fujun Wang, Lu Wang, Shuliang Lu and Jing Gao

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2025, 253, 114768
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.114768

Chemical materials involved in neural tissue engineering scaffold techniques: a narrative review

Miao Li, Jiakang Zhou, Yuxiang Ning and Yan Xiong

Advanced Technology in Neuroscience, 2024, 1, 244
DOI: 10.4103/ATN.ATN-D-24-00017

Autograft-matching wireless bioelectronic conduits: Magneto-electric coupling enabled taurine metabolism activation for peripheral nerve repair

Anmin Wang, Wenjing Song, Wentai Guo, Baolei Huang, Xingqiang Zhu, Hailin Zhang, Wei Zhai, Ye Tian and Li Ren

Bioactive Materials, 2025, 54, 387
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.08.023

AC magnetic field-driven wireless charging dual-oriented fibrous magnetoelectric scaffold CFO/PVDF promotes peripheral nerve repair

Lu Wang, Pengrui Dang, Huimin Zheng, Ling Wei, Shengjie Jiang, Jiechen Wang, Yuting Cai, Wenliang Wang, Chenguang Zhang, Nan Li and Juan Xia

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2024, 701, 134822
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024.134822

Electrostimulation combined with biodegradable electroactive oriented nanofiber polycaprolactone/gelatin/carbon nanotube to accelerate wound healing

Weizhi Chen, Yiliu Wei, Jing Chang, Yuwen Hui, Junchen Ye, Geng Weng, Ming Li, Yanhua Wang and Qiaoyi Wu

Materials Today Bio, 2025, 31, 101490
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101490

Peripheral nerve regeneration with 3D printed bionic double-network conductive scaffold based on GelMA/chitosan/polypyrrole

Rong Cheng, Zixian Liu, Meng Li, Zhizhong Shen, Xiaoyuan Wang, Jingchun Zhang and Shengbo Sang

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2025, 304, 140746
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140746

Engineered PVDF/PLCL/PEDOT Dual Electroactive Nerve Conduit to Mediate Peripheral Nerve Regeneration by Modulating the Immune Microenvironment

Qiqi Wang, Yingqi Wei, Xiaohong Yin, Guancheng Zhan, Xiaodong Cao and Huichang Gao

Adv Funct Materials, 2024, 34
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202400217

An Electromechanical Converted Bacterial Cellulose Based Composite Film for Repairing Peripheral Nerve Injury through Mimicking Physiological Electrical Signal

Feilong Zhao, Guodong Liu, Yanjun Guan, Junfei Li, Tianyang Wang, Jianming Zhao, Wei He, Liyang Zhang, Haoye Meng, Wenjing Xu, Yu Wang and Yudong Zheng

Adv. Fiber Mater., 2025, 7, 1929
DOI: 10.1007/s42765-025-00590-1

An electroconductive hydrogel with injectable and self-healing properties accelerates peripheral nerve regeneration and motor functional recovery

Zhenwei Yi, Fangke Zhan, Yijia Chen, Ran Zhang, Haodong Lin and Liming Zhao

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023, 478, 147261
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.147261

3D printed scaffolds regulated by neural-bone metabolic coupling promote bone unit regeneration

Pengrui Zhang, Linfeng Li, Caiping Yan, Xinna Cao, Neng Lai, Yefei Lei, Ke Jiang, Hanfeng Yang, Haoshaqiang Zhang, Wenguo Cui and Yuling Li

Bioactive Materials, 2026, 57, 284
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.10.031

Preparation of carbon-based conductive hydrogels and their potential for promoting nerve regeneration

Shuhui Yang, Jie Pan, Haijing Fu, Jingchuan Zheng, Fang Chen, Mingchen Zhang, Zhe Gong, Kaiyu Liang, Chengcheng Wang, Juncheng Lai, Xiangqian Fang and Jinjin Zhu

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater, 2025, 8
DOI: 10.1007/s42114-025-01261-w

Electromagnetic-responsive targeted delivery scaffold technology has better potential to repair injured peripheral nerves: a narrative review

Yutong Chen, Yan Xu and Seeram Ramakrishna

Advanced Technology in Neuroscience, 2024, 1, 51
DOI: 10.4103/ATN.ATN-D-24-00002

Yue-Yan Cen, Mu-Yun Wang, Qin-Xuan Song, Xin-Lin Gao, Cheng Zhou, Chun-Jie Li, Fei Liu, Yan-Yan Zhang and Jie-Fei Shen

Neurosci. Bull., 2026
DOI: 10.1007/s12264-025-01564-4

Research on the characteristics of nerve guidance conduits based on phase separation 3D printing and electromagnetic induction technology

Huan Zhou, Ang Gao, Yulong Liang, Cunhong Yin, Jiazhu Wu, Junfei Zhang, Guangming Chen, Lijun Peng and Xixia Liu

Materials & Design, 2025, 260, 115075
DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2025.115075

A self-powered microsphere-electret/conductive bacterial cellulose composite for sciatic nerve repair

Junfei Li, Yajie Xie, Jianming Zhao, Feilong Zhao, Abudureheman Bahatibieke, Guodong Liu, Haoye Meng and Yudong Zheng

Composites Part B: Engineering, 2025, 297, 112246
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112246

Sustainable Release Selenium Laden with SiO2 Restoring Peripheral Nerve Injury via Modulating PI3K/AKT Pathway Signaling Pathway

Jianguo Song, Huanliang Meng, Guoying Deng and Haodong Lin

IJN, 2024, Volume 19, 7851
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S460397

Electrical gastrodin-polyurethane spiral conduits with micro/nano-structure for accelerating peripheral nerve regeneration

Xiaoqian Lan, Guangli Feng, Qing Li, Shiyi Qin, Yingrui Hu, Shilin Pan, Jianlin Jiao, Di Lu and Lianmei Zhong

Bioactive Materials, 2026, 59, 317
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.12.035

Piezoelectrically induced augmented functionality of primary cultured hippocampal neurons on electrospun PVDF-(Na, K) NbO3 composite fibers

Deepak Khare, Kei Nakayama, Nobuyuki Shiina, Kenichi Kakimoto and Ashutosh Kumar Dubey

Next Materials, 2024, 2, 100070
DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2023.100070

Electro‐ and Magneto‐Active Biomaterials for Diabetic Tissue Repair: Advantages and Applications

Kai Mao, Muxin Yue, Huiping Ma, Zheng Li and Yunsong Liu

Advanced Materials, 2025, 37
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202501817

Neuronal differentiation and tissue engineering strategies for central neurous system injury repair

Zhuqing Xia, Jinghui Zhang, Na Ren, Shuping Wang, Congcong Zhang, Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek, Wan Hairul Anuar Kamaruddin, Chao Liu, Chunhui Sun and Jingang Wang

BMEMat, 2025
DOI: 10.1002/bmm2.70044

Electroactive biomaterials in neural regeneration: Advances and therapeutic mechanisms

Sijun Diao, Xiaoyin Liu, Zhongyu Li, Shihong Zhu, Jiayu Yuan, Fujun Liu, Xiyue Lu, Huiyang Luo, Umar Farooq, Jun Wu and Jing Chen

Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 112205
DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.112205

Strategies for Treating Traumatic Neuromas with Tissue-Engineered Materials

Teng Wan, Qi-Cheng Li, Ming-Yu Qin, Yi-Lin Wang, Feng-Shi Zhang, Xiao-Meng Zhang, Yi-Chong Zhang and Pei-Xun Zhang

Biomolecules, 2024, 14, 484
DOI: 10.3390/biom14040484

Dual-modeling computational framework of magnetoelectric core-shell nanoparticles and nanochain for wireless peripheral nerve regeneration

Marta Bonato, Valentina Galletta, Emma Chiaramello, Serena Fiocchi and Marta Parazzini

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 2025, 268, 108862
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.108862

Emodin Promotes Peripheral Nerve Repair by Modulating Inflammasome Activation Through Autophagy via the EGFR/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway

Zhengyang Long, Yixun Huang, Tao Lin, Shanying Xiao, Kaiye Chen, Jiahao Ying, Ke Wang, Zhe Zhang and Long Wu

Phytotherapy Research, 2025, 39, 2324
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8469