Issue 25, 2021

ZIF-8 derived hollow carbon to trap polysulfides for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Abstract

Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have a high theoretical energy density and are low cost. However, the undesirable shuttle effect with the solid discharge product, Li2S, greatly impedes their market penetration. Conductive carbon materials with functional elements are beneficial in controlling the shuttle effect and can reactivate the Li2S, leading to improved long term cycling performance of LSBs. Herein, we report zinc (Zn) and nitrogen (N) co-doped ZIF-8 derived hollow carbon (ZHC) as a promising separator coating for LSBs to control the shuttle effect. The hollow area in the ZHC is identified to be around 250 nm with a carbonized outer surface thickness of approximately 50 nm. The presence of Zn and N in the nanohollow carbon structure helps to mitigate polysulfide (PS) diffusion in LSBs. Furthermore, the hollow interior of the carbon acts as a PS pocket to physically capture the PS and in addition Zn and N chemically attract the PS through polar–polar and metal sulfide interactions. The ZHC with its unique architecture and functional groups shows a promising performance with an initial specific capacity (S.cap) of 842 mA h g−1 at 4.80 mg cm−2 and cycling stability until 400 cycles, which is considerably higher in comparison with the cycling performance of parent ZIF-8.

Graphical abstract: ZIF-8 derived hollow carbon to trap polysulfides for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
16 mars 2021
Accepted
10 mai 2021
First published
11 mai 2021

Nanoscale, 2021,13, 11086-11092

Author version available

ZIF-8 derived hollow carbon to trap polysulfides for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries

M. Rana, J. Kim, L. Peng, H. Qiu, R. Kaiser, L. Ran, Md. S. A. Hossain, B. Luo, I. Gentle, L. Wang, R. Knibbe and Y. Yamauchi, Nanoscale, 2021, 13, 11086 DOI: 10.1039/D1NR01674A

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