Issue 11, 2013

Directed phase separation of PFO:PS blends during spin-coating using feedback controlled in situ stroboscopic fluorescence microscopy

Abstract

Uniform thin-films of polymer blends can be produced through spin-coating, which is used on an industrial scale for the production of light emitting diodes, and more recently organic photovoltaic devices. Here, we present the results of the direct observation, and control, over the phase separation of polystyrene and poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene) during spin-coating using high speed stroboscopic fluorescence microscopy. This new approach, imaging the fluorescence, from a blend of fluorescent + non-fluorescent polymers allows for intensity to be directly mapped to composition, providing a direct determination of composition fluctuations during the spin-coating process. We have studied the compositional development and corresponding structural development for a range of compositions, which produce a range of different phase separated morphologies. We initially observe domains formed by spinodal decomposition, coarsening via Ostwald Ripening until an interfacial instability causes break-up of the bicontinuous morphology. Ostwald ripening continues, and depending upon composition a bicontinuous morphology is re-established. By observing compositional and morphological development in real-time, we are able to direct and control morphological structure development through control of the spin coating parameters via in situ feedback.

Graphical abstract: Directed phase separation of PFO:PS blends during spin-coating using feedback controlled in situ stroboscopic fluorescence microscopy

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
17 joulu 2012
Accepted
22 tammi 2013
First published
22 tammi 2013

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 3587-3592

Directed phase separation of PFO:PS blends during spin-coating using feedback controlled in situ stroboscopic fluorescence microscopy

D. T. W. Toolan, A. J. Parnell, P. D. Topham and J. R. Howse, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013, 1, 3587 DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01530K

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