Harmonizing across environmental nanomaterial testing media for increased comparability of nanomaterial datasets

Nicholas K. Geitner; Christine Ogilvie Hendren; Geert Cornelis; Ralf Kaegi; Jamie R. Lead; Gregory V. Lowry; Iseult Lynch; Bernd Nowack; Elijah Petersen; Emily Bernhardt; Scott Brown; Wei Chen; Camille de Garidel-Thoron; Jaydee Hanson; Stacey Harper; Kim Jones; Frank von der Kammer; Alan Kennedy; Justin Kidd; Cole Matson; Chris D. Metcalfe; Joel Pedersen; Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg; Joris T. K. Quik; Sónia M. Rodrigues; Jerome Rose; Phil Sayre; Marie Simonin; Claus Svendsen; Robert Tanguay; Nathalie Tefenkji; Tom van Teunenbroek; Gregory Thies; Yuan Tian; Jacelyn Rice; Amalia Turner; Jie Liu; Jason Unrine; Marina Vance; Jason C. White; Mark R. Wiesner

doi:10.1039/C9EN00448C

Harmonizing across environmental nanomaterial testing media for increased comparability of nanomaterial datasets†

Nicholas K. Geitner,

^ab Christine Ogilvie Hendren,

^ab Geert Cornelis,

^c Ralf Kaegi,

^d Jamie R. Lead,^ef Gregory V. Lowry,

^bg Iseult Lynch,

^h Bernd Nowack,

ⁱ Elijah Petersen,

^j Emily Bernhardt,^bk Scott Brown,^l Wei Chen,

^m Camille de Garidel-Thoron,ⁿ Jaydee Hanson,^o Stacey Harper,^p Kim Jones,^bq Frank von der Kammer,^r Alan Kennedy,^s Justin Kidd,^t Cole Matson,

^bu Chris D. Metcalfe,^v Joel Pedersen,

^w Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg,

^xy Joris T. K. Quik,

^z Sónia M. Rodrigues,

^aa Jerome Rose,

^ab Phil Sayre,^ac Marie Simonin,

^bk Claus Svendsen,^ad Robert Tanguay,^ae Nathalie Tefenkji,

^af Tom van Teunenbroek,^agah Gregory Thies,^ai Yuan Tian,^ab Jacelyn Rice,^an Amalia Turner,^ab Jie Liu,

^baj Jason Unrine,

^bak Marina Vance,

^al Jason C. White

^am and Mark R. Wiesner*^ab

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
E-mail: wiesner@duke.edu

^b Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), USA

^c Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden

^d Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland

^e School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK

^f Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

^g Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA

^h Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Geography, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

ⁱ EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, Gallen, Switzerland

^j Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA

^k Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

^l The Chemours Company, Wilmington, DE, USA

^m College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, China

ⁿ CNRS, Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, Europole Arbois, Aix en Provence, France

^o Center for Food Safety and International Center for Technology Assessment, USA

^p Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA

^q Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA

^r Department of Environmental Geosciences and Environmental Science Research Network, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

^s Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, VA, USA

^t Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment, Arizona State University, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Tempe, AZ, USA

^u Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, and Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA

^v Institute for Watershed Science, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada

^w Departments of Soil Science, Chemistry, and Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA

^x National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, Bilthoven, The Netherlands

^y Leiden University, Center for Environmental Sciences, Leiden, The Netherlands

^z National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, Bilthoven, The Netherlands

^aa Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

^ab Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France

^ac nanoRisk Analytics, LLC, Auburn, CA, USA

^ad Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK

^ae Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Marine and Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA

^af Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

^ag Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, The Hague, The Netherlands

^ah Project Office ProSafe PB 73, Bilthoven, BA, Netherlands

^ai CGI, Montreal, Canada

^aj Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, USA

^ak Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

^al Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA

^am Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA

^an Department of Engineering Technology and Construction Management, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA

Abstract

The chemical composition and properties of environmental media determine nanomaterial (NM) transport, fate, biouptake, and organism response. To compare and interpret experimental data, it is essential that sufficient context be provided for describing the physical and chemical characteristics of the setting in which a nanomaterial may be present. While the nanomaterial environmental, health and safety (NanoEHS) field has begun harmonization to allow data comparison and re-use (e.g. using standardized materials, defining a minimum set of required material characterizations), there is limited guidance for standardizing test media. Since most of the NM properties driving environmental behaviour and toxicity are medium-dependent, harmonization of media is critical. A workshop in March 2016 at Duke University identified five categories of test media: aquatic testing media, soil and sediment testing media, biological testing media, engineered systems testing media and product matrix testing media. For each category of test media, a minimum set of medium characteristics to report in all NM tests is recommended. Definitions and detail level of the recommendations for specific standardized media vary across these media categories. This reflects the variation in the maturity of their use as a test medium and associated measurement techniques, variation in utility and relevance of standardizing medium properties, ability to simplify standardizing reporting requirements, and in the availability of established standard reference media. Adoption of these media harmonization recommendations will facilitate the generation of integrated comparable datasets on NM fate and effects. This will in turn allow testing of the predictive utility of functional assay measurements on NMs in relevant media, support investigation of first principles approaches to understand behavioral mechanisms, and support categorization strategies to guide research, commercial development, and policy.

This article is part of the themed collection: Best Papers 2020 – Environmental Science: Nano

Environmental Science: Nano

Harmonizing across environmental nanomaterial testing media for increased comparability of nanomaterial datasets†

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