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From design to applications of stimuli-responsive hydrogel strain sensors

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A wide-temperature-range sensor based on wide-strain-range self-healing and adhesive organogels

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A self-adhesive wearable strain sensor based on a highly stretchable, tough, self-healing and ultra-sensitive ionic hydrogel

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A transparent and adhesive carboxymethyl cellulose/polypyrrole hydrogel electrode for flexible supercapacitors

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Graphene oxide-based composite organohydrogels with high strength and low temperature resistance for strain sensors

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Adaptable ionic liquid-containing supramolecular hydrogel with multiple sensations at subzero temperatures

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A stretchable, conformable, and biocompatible graphene strain sensor based on a structured hydrogel for clinical application

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Bioinspired tough, conductive hydrogels with thermally reversible adhesiveness based on nanoclay confined NIPAM polymerization and a dopamine modified polypeptide

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A flexible and fully recyclable transparent conductive organogel based on KI-containing glycerol with excellent anti-freezing and anti-drying behavior

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A dual-trigger-mode ionic hydrogel sensor for contact or contactless motion recognition

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Conductive hydrogel-based flexible strain sensors with superior chemical stability and stretchability for mechanical sensing in corrosive solvents

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A self-healing, recyclable and conductive gelatin/nanofibrillated cellulose/Fe3+hydrogel based on multi-dynamic interactions for a multifunctional strain sensor

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A flexible, adhesive and self-healable hydrogel-based wearable strain sensor for human motion and physiological signal monitoring

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Hybrid nano-microstructured and bioinspired conductive hydrogels with tunable multifunctionality

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Self-healable and freeze-resistant polyelectrolyte based on an EG anchor chain and dual dynamic reversible interaction as highly sensitive ionic skin

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Modulation of double-network hydrogels via seeding calcium carbonate microparticles for the engineering of ultrasensitive wearable sensors

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Stretchable and tough conductive hydrogels for flexible pressure and strain sensors

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A facile strategy for fabricating multifunctional ionogel based electronic skin

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A multi-model, large range and anti-freezing sensor based on a multi-crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel for human-motion monitoring

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A piezoelectric nanogenerator promotes highly stretchable and self-chargeable supercapacitors

Dan Zhou, Ning Wang, Taotao Yang, Long Wang, Xia Cao and Zhong Lin Wang

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Robust hydrogel sensor with good mechanical properties, conductivity, anti-swelling ability, water tolerance and biocompatibility

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Green Chem., 2024, 26, 3926
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A transparent, ultrastretchable and fully recyclable gelatin organohydrogel based electronic sensor with broad operating temperature

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A highly sensitive strain sensor based on a silica@polyaniline core–shell particle reinforced hydrogel with excellent flexibility, stretchability, toughness and conductivity

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Highly sensitive and wearable gel-based sensors with a dynamic physically cross-linked structure for strain-stimulus detection over a wide temperature range

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Mussel-inspired hydrogels as tough, self-adhesive and conductive bioelectronics: a review

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Highly stretchable, transparent and conductive double-network ionic hydrogels for strain and pressure sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity

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Unraveling the molecular magic: AI explains the formation of the most stretchable hydrogel

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An adaptive ionic skin with multiple stimulus responses and moist-electric generation ability

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Solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers: rising-star platforms for flexible intelligent devices

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Mater. Horiz., 2024, 11, 1152
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Biosafe, self-adhesive, recyclable, tough, and conductive hydrogels for multifunctional sensors

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Naturally sourced hydrogels: emerging fundamental materials for next-generation healthcare sensing

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Hydrophilic amphibious open-cell macroporous sponge by Hofmeister effect induced nanofibrils

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Conductive hydrogels for bioelectronics: molecular structures, design principles, and operation mechanisms

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Transparent, anti-freezing and highly stretchable solid-state ionic conductors

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Stretchable and self-healable electrical sensors with fingertip-like perception capability for surface texture discerning and biosignal monitoring

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Fabrication of an ion-enhanced low-temperature tolerant graphene/PAA/KCl hydrogel and its application for skin sensors

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Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 5938
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Liquid metal-created macroporous composite hydrogels with self-healing ability and multiple sensations as artificial flexible sensors

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Exploring the wonders of polysaccharides in porous materials

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A novel strategy to prepare high performance multifunctional composite films by combining electrostatic assembly, crosslinking, topology enhancement and sintering

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Composite hydrogels with antioxidant and robust adhesive properties for the prevention of radiation-induced dermatitis

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High-performance ionic conductive poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels for flexible strain sensors based on a universal soaking strategy

Xiang Di, Qiyue Ma, Yue Xu, Mingming Yang, Guolin Wu and Pingchuan Sun

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3D printed microstructured ultra-sensitive pressure sensors based on microgel-reinforced double network hydrogels for biomechanical applications

Jingxia Zheng, Guoqi Chen, Hailong Yang, Canjie Zhu, Shengnan Li, Wenquan Wang, Jiayuan Ren, Yang Cong, Xun Xu, Xinwei Wang and Jun Fu

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A multiscale biomimetic strategy to design strong, tough hydrogels by tuning the self-assembly behavior of cellulose

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Constructing robust and recyclable self-powered polysaccharide-based hydrogels by adjusting Zn2+/Li+ bimetallic networks

Qi Zhou, Weijun Yang, Shengxu Lu, Debora Puglia, Daqian Gao, Pengwu Xu, Yunpeng Huang, Tianxi Liu, Li Wu, Chenjing Huang and Piming Ma

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A novel redox bromide-ion additive hydrogel electrolyte for flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors with boosted energy density and controllable zinc deposition

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Stretchable, self-healing and tissue-adhesive zwitterionic hydrogels as strain sensors for wireless monitoring of organ motions

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A strategy of tailoring polymorphs and nanostructures to construct self-reinforced nonswelling high-strength bacterial cellulose hydrogels

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Nanoscale, 2019, 11, 15347
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Conductive polymer based hydrogels and their application in wearable sensors: a review

Dong Liu, Chenxi Huyan, Zibi Wang, Zhanhu Guo, Xuehua Zhang, Hamdi Torun, Daniel Mulvihill, Ben Bin Xu and Fei Chen

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Super-stretchable, elastic and recoverable ionic conductive hydrogel for wireless wearable, stretchable sensor

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Human-tissue-inspired anti-fatigue-fracture hydrogel for a sensitive wide-range human–machine interface

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Self-Healable, Recyclable, and Ultrastrong Adhesive Ionogel for Multifunctional Strain Sensor

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Progress in the mechanical enhancement of hydrogels: Fabrication strategies and underlying mechanisms

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Journal of Polymer Science, 2022, 60, 2525
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Extrusion based bioprinting of alginate based multicomponent hydrogels for tissue regeneration applications: State of the art

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Synergistic ionic and electronic transport pathways enabled strain sensors with ultra-high and modulable sensitivity within wide working range

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In Situ Synthesis of Mechanically Robust, Transparent Nanofiber‐Reinforced Hydrogels for Highly Sensitive Multiple Sensing

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Adv Funct Materials, 2021, 31
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Tough, Healable, and Sensitive Strain Sensor Based on Multiphysically Cross-Linked Hydrogel for Ionic Skin

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Skin-Inspired Ultra-Tough Supramolecular Multifunctional Hydrogel Electronic Skin for Human–Machine Interaction

Kun Chen, Kewei Liang, He Liu, Ruonan Liu, Yiying Liu, Sijia Zeng and Ye Tian

Nano-Micro Lett., 2023, 15
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Stretchable and Self-Powered Temperature–Pressure Dual Sensing Ionic Skins Based on Thermogalvanic Hydrogels

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ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14, 44792
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Highly stretchable, strain-stiffening, self-healing ionic conductors for wearable sensors

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Chemical Engineering Journal, 2022, 449, 137633
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Preparation of MPASP‐PAA/Fe3+ Composite Conductive Hydrogel with Physical and Chemical Double Crosslinking Structure and Its Application in Flexible Strain Sensors

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Anti-freezing, water-retaining, conductive, and strain-sensitive hemicellulose/polypyrrole composite hydrogels for flexible sensors

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Ultra‐Tough and Recyclable Ionogels Constructed by Coordinated Supramolecular Solvents

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Stretchable, Biocompatible, and Multifunctional Silk Fibroin-Based Hydrogels toward Wearable Strain/Pressure Sensors and Triboelectric Nanogenerators

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Strong Tough Poly Acrylic‐co‐acrylamide Hydrogels via a Synergistic Effect of Fiber and Metal‐Ligand Bonds as Flexible Strain Sensors

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High strength, anti-freezing and conductive silkworm excrement cellulose-based ionic hydrogel with physical-chemical double cross-linked for pressure sensing

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A New Fluorescent Sensor for Fe3+ Based on Glycoluril Molecular Clip

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ChemistrySelect, 2020, 5, 1878
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Multifunctional Ionic Skin with Sensing, UV‐Filtering, Water‐Retaining, and Anti‐Freezing Capabilities

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Injectable and moldable hydrogels for use in sensitive and wide range strain sensing applications

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Fabrication and characterization of glycogen-based elastic, self-healable, and conductive hydrogels as a wearable strain-sensor for flexible e-skin

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A high strength, high toughness and transparent room-temperature self-healing elastomer based on the synergy effect of quadruple dynamic bonding structure

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A bionic tactile plastic hydrogel-based electronic skin constructed by a nerve-like nanonetwork combining stretchable, compliant, and self-healing properties

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One-step preparation of a highly transparent, stretchable and conductive ionic nanocomposite hydrogel

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