Issue 42, 2021

Laser-induced atmospheric CuxO formation on copper surface with enhanced electrochemical performance for non-enzymatic glucose sensing

Abstract

Copper oxide nanostructures are widely used for various applications due to their unique optical and electrical properties. In this work, we demonstrate an atmospheric laser-induced oxidation technique for the fabrication of highly electrochemically active copper oxide hierarchical micro/nano structures on copper surfaces to achieve highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensing performance. The effect of laser processing power on the composition, crystallinity, microstructure, wettability, and color of the laser-induced oxide on copper (LIO-Cu) surface was systematically studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GI-XRD), Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), EDX-mapping, water contact angle measurements, and optical microscopy. Results of these investigations showed a remarkable increase in copper oxide composition by increasing the laser processing power. The pore size distribution and surface area of the pristine and LIO-Cu sample estimated by N2 adsorption–desorption data showed a developed mesoporous LIO-Cu structure. The size of the generated nano-oxides, crystallinity, and electroactivity of the LIO-Cu were observed to be adjustable by the laser processing power. The electrocatalytic activity of LIO-Cu surfaces was studied by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV) within a potential window of −0.8 to +0.8 V and chronoamperometry in an applied optimized potential of +0.6 V, in 0.1 M NaOH solution and phosphate buffer solution (PBS), respectively. LIO-Cu surfaces with optimized laser processing powers exhibited a sensitivity of 6950 μA mM−1 cm−2 within a wide linear range from 0.01 to 5 mM, with exceptional specificity and response time (<3 seconds). The sensors also showed excellent response stability over a course of 50 days that was originated from the binder-free robust electroactive film fabricated directly onto the copper surface. The demonstrated one-step LIO processing onto commercial metal films, can potentially be applied for tuneable and scalable roll-to-roll fabrication of a wide range of high surface area metal oxide micro/nano structures for non-enzymatic biosensing and electrochemical applications.

Graphical abstract: Laser-induced atmospheric CuxO formation on copper surface with enhanced electrochemical performance for non-enzymatic glucose sensing

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
19 mar. 2021
Accepted
23 jun. 2021
First published
29 jul. 2021

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2021,9, 14997-15010

Laser-induced atmospheric CuxO formation on copper surface with enhanced electrochemical performance for non-enzymatic glucose sensing

S. Sedaghat, S. Nejati, L. H. Bermejo, Z. He, A. M. Alcaraz, A. Roth, Z. Li, V. G. Pol, H. Wang and R. Rahimi, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2021, 9, 14997 DOI: 10.1039/D1TC01289D

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