Issue 35, 2021

Manganese oxide nanomaterials boost cancer immunotherapy

Abstract

Immunotherapy, a strategy that leverages the host immune function to fight against cancer, plays an increasingly important role in clinical tumor therapy. In spite of the great success achieved in not only clinical treatment but also basic research, cancer immunotherapy still faces many huge challenges. Manganese oxide nanomaterials (MONs), as ideal tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive biomaterials, are able to dramatically elicit anti-tumor immune responses in multiple ways, indicating great prospects for immunotherapy. In this review, on the basis of different mechanisms to boost immunotherapy, major highlighted topics are presented, covering adjusting an immunosuppressive TME by generating O2 (like O2-sensitized photodynamic therapy (PDT), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression downregulation, reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and restraining tumor angiogenesis and lactic acid exhaustion), inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD), photothermal therapy (PTT) induction, activating the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) pathway and immunoadjuvants for nanovaccines. We hope that this review will provide holistic understanding about MONs and their application in cancer immunotherapy, and thus pave the way to the translation from bench to bedside in the future.

Graphical abstract: Manganese oxide nanomaterials boost cancer immunotherapy

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
05 may. 2021
Accepted
25 jun. 2021
First published
26 jun. 2021

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2021,9, 7117-7131

Manganese oxide nanomaterials boost cancer immunotherapy

B. Ding, J. Yue, P. Zheng, P. Ma and J. Lin, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2021, 9, 7117 DOI: 10.1039/D1TB01001H

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