This chapter describes the synthetic preparation of III–V based quantum dots starting with the dehalosilylation reactions towards InP-based materials. We discuss the problems presented by this material, such as the low emission quantum yields and how this was addressed, and the preparation of anisotropic particles. We also describe the alternatives to the dehalosilylation reaction, non-coordinating solvent routes and other materials of interest, notably arsenides, antimonides and nitrides using similar solution chemistry.