In this chapter we discuss the application of human liver, intestine, lung and tumour precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS) as a translational ex vivo model in studies on ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) and toxicology of drugs, and for studies on diseases such as fibrosis in the liver and the intestine, obstructive lung diseases, viral infections and cancer. As the use of PCTS in research is steadily increasing it is impossible to give a fully comprehensive review of all applications of PCTS, but by highlighting some of the most important examples with a special emphasis on the application of human PCTS, we aim to show the extensive potential of this versatile technique in pathology and drug research.