Dynamic characterization of the pulse discharge behavior of Sr1−xCaxTiO3 ceramics through RLC circuits

Abstract

A direct correlation between microstructural evolution and macroscopic pulsed discharge behavior is established in Sr_1−xCa_xTiO₃ (x = 0–1.0) ceramics through this research, departing from conventional polarization–breakdown models employed for theoretical energy density estimation. Instead, we propose an in situ discharge parameter analysis to evaluate the practical energy storage/release efficiency. Calcium doping dynamically regulates discharge kinetics by tailoring lattice distortion and interfacial charge transport: at x = 0.5, the underdamped oscillation peak current increases from 21.3 A (x = 0) to 27 A, with the overdamped energy density reaching 0.83 J cm⁻³ and the discharge rate (W_d/t_0.9) increasing by 142%. Temperature-dependent tests (20–120 °C) reveal minimal energy density drift for CaTiO₃ (x = 1.0, ΔW_d/W_d0 = 5.8%) and Sr_0.5Ca_0.5TiO₃ (x = 0.5, 7.3%), outperforming SrTiO₃ (x = 0, 14.2%). By directly linking discharge parameters (current density, energy density, and thermal drift) to microstructural features, this work pioneers a performance evaluation paradigm for dielectric ceramics beyond traditional polarization–breakdown calculations.