Bioinspired Porous Heterogeneous Aerogel Fibers with Woven Architecture for Ultra‑Broadband Microwave Absorption and Thermal Regulation

Abstract

With the rapid development of smart wearable technology, there is an urgent need for smart textiles that integrate efficient microwave absorption and thermal management functions. Inspired by the porous structure of reindeer hair method, the flexible composite porous aerogel fibers of MoS2@ H- MnFe₂O₄/RGO/polyimide were prepared by combining wet spinning and freeze drying strategies. These fibers are then woven into multifunctional textiles with periodic lattice structure. Bionic porous structure not only reduces the material density, but also effectively reduces the equivalent dielectric constant when combined with braided structure, which promotes the multiple reflection and scattering of electromagnetic waves inside the material. Under the synergistic effect of braided structure and rich heterogeneous interfaces, the fabric enhances the interface polarization and conduction loss, and optimizes the impedance matching. The presence of numerous heterogeneous interfaces increases the polarization relaxation time of the relaxation peak. The final FMHG aerogel fiber fabric achieves the minimum reflection loss of -71.3 dB with a thickness of 3.16 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidth is 8.12 GHz. The braided structure further extends this bandwidth to more than 13.3 GHz, realizing ultra-wideband absorption. In addition to its microwave absorption performance, the fabric also shows excellent mechanical flexibility, fatigue resistance and rapid photothermal conversion ability at low temperature, showing excellent thermal management performance. This bionic design strategy provides a new way to develop flexible, woven and multifunctional microwave absorbers, and has broad application prospects in the fields of portable electronic protection, adaptive stealth technology and personal thermal management.