Deterministic mode analysis for InP plasmonic nanowire lasers

Abstract

As on-chip integration advances, nanoscale light sources become critical, necessitating lasers that overcome the diffraction limit. Plasmonic nanowire lasers, leveraging surface plasmon polaritons at metal–semiconductor interfaces, enable ultracompact mode confinement. While recent efforts have enhanced their performance through structural design and two-dimensional materials, the complex multimode dynamics in nanowire cavities remain insufficiently understood. Here, we present a systematic approach to identify dominant transverse and longitudinal modes in InP nanowire lasers, offering insight into internal mode distributions. Building upon our previous demonstration of graphene-assisted threshold reduction and mode volume confinement in near UV nanowire lasers, we extend this strategy to the near-infrared regime. This work provides a deeper understanding of lasing behavior in nanowire systems, contributing to the design of integrated photonic components for high-density optical interconnects.