A combined approach to modification of poly(l-lactic acid) scaffolds based on plasma treatment and immobilization of hyaluronic acid

Abstract

We studied the efficiency of combined surface treatment of tissue-engineered poly(L-lactic acid) scaffolds to improve their compatibility with biological tissues. The method used for surface activation involved nitrogen plasma generated by glow discharge, while hyaluronic acid, which exhibits pronounced hydrophilic properties, served as an immobilized biomolecule. Nitrogen plasma treatment has been shown to promote surface nitrogen accumulation, activating the PLA surface. The presence of carbonyl and amide II bonds in the IR spectra confirms the effectiveness of the interaction between hyaluronic acid and plasma-modified poly(L-lactic acid). It was found that the combined treatment imparts highly hydrophilic and water-absorbing properties to the scaffolds. Cell viability upon contact with the studied materials reached levels exceeding 110%, which significantly surpasses control sample indicators and indicates the absence of toxicity in the used materials. The obtained results demonstrate high efficiency of a combined approach to scaffold modification based on poly(L-lactic acid). The applied method of surface material treatment outperforms single-step modification strategies by ensuring improved hydrophilicity and maintaining cell viability levels when present. This approach is promising for developing a scientific foundation necessary for creating modern wound coverings and dressing materials utilized in regenerative medicine.