Dual improvement effects of ω-3 on bone loss and liver injury in rats with liver–bone axis damage

Abstract

Hepatic osteodystrophy (HOD) is a bone condition associated with metabolic issues, primarily caused by impaired reverse cholesterol transport in the liver–bone axis, frequently linked to chronic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This impairment leads to an abnormal accumulation of cholesterol in bone tissue, hindering new bone formation and causing bone degradation. The study discussed here demonstrates that the administration of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3) in a rat model of HOD improves lipid metabolism by promoting peripheral reverse cholesterol transport. By reinstating the cholesterol transport process in the liver–bone axis, this treatment reduces excessive cholesterol accumulation in bones, enhances the bone microenvironment, and ultimately helps to alleviate bone loss and lessen liver damage. In summary, the results highlight the potential advantages of a diet rich in ω-3 fatty acids for combating bone loss related to NAFLD.