3D wood-derived vertical multichannel carbon framework with functional fillers for high-performance Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors

Abstract

Severe dendrite and side reaction issues of metallic zinc anode have been vital factors, which result in the poor cycling ability of aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs). Herein, we develop a three-dimensional wood-derived vertical multichannel framework modified by functional fillers. The modified 3D carbon-based framework possesses optimized zincophilicity and hierarchical porous structure, which can effectively accommodate volume expansion and homogenize the local current density for uniform Zn deposition. Thus, the designed 3D carbon-based framework delivers a superior Coulombic efficiency of 98.6 % over 1300 cycles at 10 mA cm−2, while the symmetric cell with the carbon-based Zn anode exhibits 1100 h cycles at 1 mA cm−2 (0.5 mAh cm−2). Moreover, benefiting from the high porosity, the 3D carbon-based framework can also be used as binder-free cathode material for constructing high-performance ZHSCs. The as-designed full cell exhibits a remarkable areal capacitance of 2802.7 mF cm−2 and extremely long-term cycle stability of 15000 cycles at 40 mA cm−2. This strategy of zincophilicity regulation by introducing functional fillers to 3D carbon-based framework may provide a new idea for ZHSCs with both high stability and capacity.