Condensation reaction using monohydroxymethylated cardanol for cardanol–phenol bisphenol with ultra-low hormone receptor binding affinity

Abstract

A novel bio-based cardanol–phenol bisphenol, analogous to bisphenols A/F, with hormone receptor binding affinity nearly three orders of magnitude lower than that of bisphenol A, was designed, synthesized, and characterized. The synthetic strategy capitalizes on the differential reactivity at the ortho and para positions of phenol, induced by the cardanol side chain.