Issue 27, 2024

Digital multimeter-based portable photoelectrochemical immunoassay with enzyme-catalyzed precipitation for screening carbohydrate antigen 125

Abstract

The degree of the carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) level in serum is positively correlated with the severity of ovarian cancer. In this study, a facile photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunoassay was devised for sensitive detection of CA-125 employing enzyme-catalyzed precipitation to weaken the photocurrent of hollow porous In2O3 nanotubes incorporating CdS nanoparticles. Upon the addition of the target analyte, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enriches as a result of the formation of the sandwich immunocomplex, which can catalyze the conversion of 4-chloro1-naphthol (4-CN) to benzo-4-chlorohexadienone (4-CD) employing H2O2 as a cofactor. The as-produced insoluble precipitate acts as an obstacle to hinder the absorption of visible light by photoactive materials, thereby resulting in a decrease in photocurrent. Moreover, the weakened signal can be easily read out by a digital multimeter (DMM), advancing the convenience of the detection system. The preliminary analysis data indicate that the PEC immunoassay shows an efficient response to CA-125 levels ranging from 0.1 to 100 U mL−1 with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.046 U mL−1 (S/N = 3). Most importantly, the proposed portable method has shown satisfactory performance in terms of selectivity, reproducibility, stability, and analysis in complex biological matrices.

Graphical abstract: Digital multimeter-based portable photoelectrochemical immunoassay with enzyme-catalyzed precipitation for screening carbohydrate antigen 125

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
27 May 2024
Accepted
07 Jun 2024
First published
11 Jun 2024

Anal. Methods, 2024,16, 4619-4625

Digital multimeter-based portable photoelectrochemical immunoassay with enzyme-catalyzed precipitation for screening carbohydrate antigen 125

X. Lin, F. Cai, J. Lin, K. Zhang and Y. Lin, Anal. Methods, 2024, 16, 4619 DOI: 10.1039/D4AY00984C

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