Metal– and covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic CO2 reduction coupled with H2O oxidation

Abstract

The overuse of fossil fuels has caused serious energy and environmental issues. To address this, the integration of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction with H₂O oxidation is considered an effective approach towards achieving carbon neutrality and sustainable development. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in utilizing metal– and covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction coupled with H₂O oxidation. It discusses the key factors influencing the overall reaction, delves into the catalytic mechanisms of CO₂ reduction and H₂O oxidation half-reactions, and explores the intermediate species involved in the process. Additionally, it summarizes various strategies employed by researchers to enhance the performance and product selectivity for the overall reaction. This review concludes with an outlook on the prospects and challenges of this emerging research field.