Detection of sulfur-free odorants in natural gas using ion mobility spectrometry

Abstract

Beside the primary motivation of the public gas suppliers for odorizing natural gas with a sulfur-free odorant, which relates to the image of the environment-friendly fuel, natural gas, competing with low-sulfur heating fuel and diesel, a question of crucial importance of how to detect such sulfur-free odorants comes up. Concerning the replacement of sulfur-containing by sulfur-free odorization, the availability of a fast and sensitive detection method that can, further, be used on-site plays a key role. The minimum concentration of the new sulfur-free odorant Gasodor™ S-Free™ (S-Free) in natural gas should be added at a level of at least 8.8 mg m⁻³ to assure a significant warning smell. Therefore, a dynamic range between 0 and approx. 25 mg m⁻³ must be realised in the rather complex matrix of natural gas. By means of a handheld ion mobility spectrometer, the odorant content in natural gas is determined within less than 80 s total analysis time directly at the gas pipe. The concentration of S-Free is monitored between 4 and 23 mg m⁻³ respecting the quality of the natural gas (high- and low-caloric gas). Results of the validation using a gas chromatograph as a reference standard will be discussed in detail.