Issue 10, 2024

“Freezing” intermediate phases for efficient and stable FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells

Abstract

The most promising formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) has attracted extensive attention due to its record-breaking single-junction cell efficiency in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the formation of α-FAPbI3 often requires δ-FAPbI3 as an intermediate phase, which suffers from low crystallinity and disordered crystal orientation, resulting in a high defect density in the final α-FAPbI3 phase. Herein, we report the synthesis of a stabilized and high crystallinity intermediate phase through full process (solution, anti-solvent, substrate, and processing atmosphere) low-temperature control. The low-temperature strategy allows the formation of larger and more stable colloids in the precursor solution for fewer but superior initial nuclei, and retards the film crystallization for better intermediate phase crystals. The defect density of the final perovskite thin film was reduced by 8 times. As a result, the efficient and stable FAPbI3 PSC was obtained with an efficiency of over 25% and a fill factor of over 85%, along with excellent long-term operating stability for 1000 hours under continuous light stress.

Graphical abstract: “Freezing” intermediate phases for efficient and stable FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
26 Feb 2024
Accepted
05 Apr 2024
First published
09 Apr 2024

Energy Environ. Sci., 2024,17, 3375-3383

“Freezing” intermediate phases for efficient and stable FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells

M. Chen, T. Niu, L. Chao, X. Duan, J. Wang, T. Pan, Y. Li, J. Zhang, C. Wang, B. Ren, L. Guo, M. Hatamvand, J. Zhang, Q. Guo, Y. Xia, X. Gao and Y. Chen, Energy Environ. Sci., 2024, 17, 3375 DOI: 10.1039/D4EE00865K

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