The recent advances in cobalt-catalyzed C(sp3)–H functionalization reactions

Abstract

Over the past decades, reactions involving C–H functionalization have become a hot theme in organic transformations because they have a lot of potential for the streamlined synthesis of complex molecules. C(sp³)–H bonds are present in most organic species. Since organic molecules have massive significance in various aspects of life, the exploitation and functionalization of C(sp³)–H bonds hold enormous importance. In recent years, the first-row transition metal-catalyzed direct and selective functionalization of C–H bonds has emerged as a simple and environmentally friendly synthetic method due to its low cost, unique reactivity profiles and easy availability. Therefore, research advancements are being made to conceive catalytic systems that foster direct C(sp³)–H functionalization under benign reaction conditions. Cobalt-based catalysts offer mild and convenient reaction conditions at a reasonable expense compared to conventional 2^nd and 3^rd-row transition metal catalysts. Consequently, the probing of Co-based catalysts for C(sp³)–H functionalization is one of the hot topics from the outlook of an organic chemist. This review primarily focuses on the literature from 2018 to 2022 and sheds light on the substrate scope, selectivity, benefits and limitations of cobalt catalysts for organic transformations.