Efficient photothermal conversion of MXenes and their application in biomedicine

Abstract

The photothermal effect is widely used in biomedicine. MXenes are a new class of two-dimensional materials with high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE). In this synthetic study, first, the principle of photothermal conversion is introduced. Then, the preparation, structure, and surface engineering of MXene materials are demonstrated in detail. Third, the current photothermal conversion properties of MXenes and their composite nanomaterials are analyzed. Fourth, the recent applications of MXenes and their composite nanomaterials in four biomedical fields are investigated, including photothermal therapy (PTT) of tumors, drug delivery, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, and antibacterial agents. The advances in the development of MXene materials are also discussed. Finally, some suggestions and prospects are proposed for the applications of photothermal conversion of MXenes in the field of biomedicine.