Wavelength-sensitive CMOS-like optoelectronic inverter circuits based on solution-processable perovskite nanocrystals/organic semiconductor blends

Abstract

The integration of solution-processed perovskites and organic semiconductors (OSCs) offers a promising approach for low-cost and flexible optoelectronic devices owing to the conductivity of OSCs and remarkable photoelectric features of perovskites. However, challenges remain in achieving multi-wavelength recognition and seamless circuit integration. Here we report two polymer–perovskite pairs: CsPbBr₃/PDVT-10 hybrid films exhibiting good photosensitivity and typical synaptic behavior under light at wavelengths below 520 nm, while this range was extended to 800 nm in CsPbI₃/P(NDI2OD-T2) hybrid films due to the staggered heterojunction structure formed between them. Furthermore, an organic complementary inverter with a gain of 28 and a noise margin of 66% was fabricated using these two specific OSCs/perovskite pairs. The output curve of the inverter circuit was shifted towards V_IN = 0 V under red light and towards V_IN = V_DD under blue light illumination revealing a large voltage difference of 21 V, over 1/3 of V_DD. Finally, an optoelectronic synapse with voltage output was demonstrated, showing a clear pathway for integration into neuromorphic circuits. This work demonstrates a dual-wavelength sensing inverter circuit with strong wavelength discrimination capability with high potential for use in photodetectors, optoelectronic synapses and photo-logic circuits.