Bioactive powder adhesive featuring clotting synergy for alveolar extraction socket hemostasis and regeneration

Abstract

Wound healing involves a cascade of four overlapping phases—hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling—that demand temporally coordinated intervention. However, most current hemostatic materials merely target the initial hemostatic stage and frequently impair physiological blood clotting, an essential endogenous platform for subsequent tissue regeneration. Herein, we report a novel powder hemostatic material that synergizes with endogenous clotting to orchestrate a continuous hemostasis-to-regeneration cascade. The powder consists of a lipoic acid-sodium lipoate copolymer (PolyLA-LANa) and quaternized chitosan (QCS). Upon contact with blood, this powder rapidly absorbs fluid and forms an adhesive hydrogel in situ via electrostatic and hydrogen bonding. The material concentrates platelets and coagulation factors to form a stable “material–clot” composite. This composite effectively seals wound sites and acts as a functional reservoir for the sustained release of LA-derived bioactive molecules. In rat and rabbit models (liver, femoral artery, muscle/vessel injury), the powder achieves rapid hemostasis with significantly reduced blood loss. In a challenging rat tooth extraction socket model, it stabilizes the clot, prevents dry socket formation, and promotes alveolar bone preservation and soft tissue healing. This “clotting-synergistic” strategy transforms passive hemostats into active regenerative platforms for complex bleeding wounds.