Asymmetrically-channeled two-dimensional membrane for stable, selective lithium-ion transport

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) membranes can achieve efficient separation in various applications. Here we propose an asymmetric-channel concept for designing stable, selective ion-separation membranes. The resultant GO-TiO₂ membrane exhibits high Li⁺/Mg²⁺ selectivity of 159.7 and fast Li+ flux of ~0.4 mol m^-2 h^-1 , as well as long-term stability up to 30 days. The design offers a general approach toward durable, high-performance 2D membranes for practical separations.